Paweł Szaro1,2, Mateusz Polaczek3, Bogdan Ciszek4. 1. Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborgsvägen 31, 431 80, Gothenburg, Sweden. pawel.szaro@gu.se. 2. Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborgsvägen 31, 431 80, Gothenburg, Sweden. pawel.szaro@gu.se. 3. Third Department of Lung Diseases and Oncology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Plocka 26, 01138, Warsaw, Poland. 4. Department of Descriptive and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to map connections within the Kager's fat pad between the structures which limit it. METHODS: A retrospective re-review of 200 ankle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was conducted. Connections within the Kager's fat pad between the superior peroneal retinaculum, the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament, the posterior talocalcaneal ligament, the flexor hallucis longus, the paratenon of the Achilles tendon, the flexor retinaculum and bones were studied and a model of the connections was constructed. RESULTS: The superior peroneal retinaculum was directly connected with the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament in 85.5% of cases, the lateral part of the paratenon in 82.5%, the processus posterior tali in 78.5%, the posterior talofibular ligament in 32%, the flexor retinaculum in 29.5% and the anterior talofibular ligament in 9%. The fibulotalocalcaneal ligament was connected with the paratenon (on the medial side 88.5%, on the lateral side 68.5%), the flexor retinaculum in 70%, the posterior process of the talus in 79%, the osteofibrosus tunnel for the flexor hallucis longus in 53%, the posterior talofibular ligament in 43.5% and the calcaneofibular ligament in 10.5%. The posterior talocalcaneal ligament was connected with the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament in 71%, with the osteofibrosus tunnel for the flexor hallucis longus in 76.5%, with the flexor retinaculum in 70%. The plantaris tendon showed projection to the crural fascia in 34 of % cases. CONCLUSION: In the Kager's fat pad there are present more connections than previously reported. All the connections unit at the level of the posterior process of the talus.
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to map connections within the Kager's fat pad between the structures which limit it. METHODS: A retrospective re-review of 200 ankle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination was conducted. Connections within the Kager's fat pad between the superior peroneal retinaculum, the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament, the posterior talocalcaneal ligament, the flexor hallucis longus, the paratenon of the Achilles tendon, the flexor retinaculum and bones were studied and a model of the connections was constructed. RESULTS: The superior peroneal retinaculum was directly connected with the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament in 85.5% of cases, the lateral part of the paratenon in 82.5%, the processus posterior tali in 78.5%, the posterior talofibular ligament in 32%, the flexor retinaculum in 29.5% and the anterior talofibular ligament in 9%. The fibulotalocalcaneal ligament was connected with the paratenon (on the medial side 88.5%, on the lateral side 68.5%), the flexor retinaculum in 70%, the posterior process of the talus in 79%, the osteofibrosus tunnel for the flexor hallucis longus in 53%, the posterior talofibular ligament in 43.5% and the calcaneofibular ligament in 10.5%. The posterior talocalcaneal ligament was connected with the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament in 71%, with the osteofibrosus tunnel for the flexor hallucis longus in 76.5%, with the flexor retinaculum in 70%. The plantaris tendon showed projection to the crural fascia in 34 of % cases. CONCLUSION: In the Kager's fat pad there are present more connections than previously reported. All the connections unit at the level of the posterior process of the talus.
Entities:
Keywords:
Achilles tendon; Crural fascia; Kager fat pad; Retrocalcaneal bursa
Authors: Daniel Pastore; Giovanni G Cerri; Parviz Haghighi; Debra J Trudell; Donald L Resnick Journal: AJR Am J Roentgenol Date: 2009-04 Impact factor: 3.959