Glory Chidumwa1, Rihlat Said-Mohamed2,3, Lukhanyo H Nyati1, Feziwe Mpondo1, Tinashe Chikowore1, Alessandra Prioreschi1, Juliana Kagura1,4, Lisa J Ware1, Lisa K Micklesfield1, Shane A Norris1,5. 1. SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Rd, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa. 2. SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Rd, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa. rs2087@cam.ac.uk. 3. Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Human, Social and Political Science, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. rs2087@cam.ac.uk. 4. Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. 5. Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Childhood rapid growth and earlier puberty onset have been associated with adult obesity. However, the association between childhood stunting, pubertal timing and adult obesity is unclear. We examined whether the relationship between stunting at age 2 years (y) and body composition at 23 years is mediated by adolescent body mass index, and pubertal development, using the Birth-to-Twenty Plus cohort (South Africa). SUBJECTS/ METHODS: For 1036 participants, data on anthropometrics between birth and 23 years, maternal factors, and pubertal development (Tanner scale at 9-16 years) were collected. Stunting at 2 years (height-for-age z-score < -2), 5-18 years BMI-for-age trajectories, pubertal development trajectories, and DXA-derived fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) at 23 years were determined. Data were analysed using hierarchical regressions and structural equation models. RESULTS: Stunting was directly associated with slower pubertal development and with shorter adult stature, but was not associated with adolescent BMI trajectories, adult FM or FFM. However, stunting was indirectly associated with adult FM and FFM through the direct associations between slower pubertal development and lower FM and between shorter height and lower FFM. BMI trajectories were independently associated with FM and FFM. CONCLUSIONS: Being stunted in this population predicted adult body composition through slower pubertal development and shorter adult stature.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Childhood rapid growth and earlier puberty onset have been associated with adult obesity. However, the association between childhood stunting, pubertal timing and adult obesity is unclear. We examined whether the relationship between stunting at age 2 years (y) and body composition at 23 years is mediated by adolescent body mass index, and pubertal development, using the Birth-to-Twenty Plus cohort (South Africa). SUBJECTS/ METHODS: For 1036 participants, data on anthropometrics between birth and 23 years, maternal factors, and pubertal development (Tanner scale at 9-16 years) were collected. Stunting at 2 years (height-for-age z-score < -2), 5-18 years BMI-for-age trajectories, pubertal development trajectories, and DXA-derived fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) at 23 years were determined. Data were analysed using hierarchical regressions and structural equation models. RESULTS: Stunting was directly associated with slower pubertal development and with shorter adult stature, but was not associated with adolescent BMI trajectories, adult FM or FFM. However, stunting was indirectly associated with adult FM and FFM through the direct associations between slower pubertal development and lower FM and between shorter height and lower FFM. BMI trajectories were independently associated with FM and FFM. CONCLUSIONS: Being stunted in this population predicted adult body composition through slower pubertal development and shorter adult stature.
Authors: Linda S Adair; Caroline H D Fall; Clive Osmond; Aryeh D Stein; Reynaldo Martorell; Manuel Ramirez-Zea; Harshpal Singh Sachdev; Darren L Dahly; Isabelita Bas; Shane A Norris; Lisa Micklesfield; Pedro Hallal; Cesar G Victora Journal: Lancet Date: 2013-03-28 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Aryeh D Stein; Elizabeth A Lundeen; Reynaldo Martorell; Parminder S Suchdev; Neil K Mehta; Linda M Richter; Shane A Norris Journal: J Nutr Date: 2016-06-22 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Elizabeth A Lundeen; Shane A Norris; Reynaldo Martorell; Parminder S Suchdev; Neil K Mehta; Linda M Richter; Aryeh D Stein Journal: J Nutr Date: 2016-02-03 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Alessandra Prioreschi; Richard J Munthali; Juliana Kagura; Rihlat Said-Mohamed; Emanuella De Lucia Rolfe; Lisa K Micklesfield; Shane A Norris Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-01-16 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Louise F Udholm; Anne Gaml-Sørensen; Linn H Arendt; Nis Brix; Lea L H Lunddorf; Andreas Ernst; Ulla B Knudsen; Vibeke E Hjortdal; Cecilia H Ramlau-Hansen Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2022-03-29 Impact factor: 6.106