Controlled anti-cancer drug release through advanced nano-drug delivery systems: Static and dynamic targeting strategies.

Advances in nanomedicine, including early cancer detection, targeted drug delivery, and personalized approaches to cancer treatment are on the rise. For example, targeted drug delivery systems can improve intracellular delivery because of their multifunctionality. Novel endogenous-based and exogenous-based stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems have been proposed to prevent the cancer progression with proper drug delivery. To control effective dose loading and sustained release, targeted permeability and individual variability can now be described in more-complex ways, such as by combining internal and external stimuli. Despite these advances in release control, certain challenges remain and are identified in this research, which emphasizes the control of drug release and applications of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. Using a multiscale and multidisciplinary approach, this study investigates and analyzes drug delivery and release strategies in the nanoparticle-based treatment of cancer, both mathematically and clinically.