Tommer Nir1, Yael Jacob2, Kuang-Han Huang2, Arthur E Schwartz1, Jess W Brallier3, Helen Ahn1, Prantik Kundu4, Cheuk Y Tang5, Bradley N Delman6, Patrick J McCormick3, Mary Sano7, Stacie Deiner8, Mark G Baxter9, Joshua S Mincer10. 1. Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. 2. Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. 3. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Hyperfine Research, Guilford, CT, USA. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. 6. Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. 7. Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. 8. Department of Anesthesiology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA. 9. Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. 10. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: mincerj@mskcc.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A growing body of literature addresses the possible long-term cognitive effects of anaesthetics, but no study has delineated the normal trajectory of neural recovery attributable to anaesthesia alone in adults. We obtained resting-state functional MRI scans on 72 healthy human volunteers between ages 40 and 80 (median: 59) yr before, during, and after general anaesthesia with sevoflurane, in the absence of surgery, as part of a larger study on cognitive function postanaesthesia. METHODS: Region-of-interest analysis, independent component analysis, and seed-to-voxel analysis were used to characterise resting-state functional connectivity and to differentiate between correlated and anticorrelated connectivity before, during, and after general anaesthesia. RESULTS: Whilst positively correlated functional connectivity remained essentially unchanged across these perianaesthetic states, anticorrelated functional connectivity decreased globally by 35% 1 h after emergence from general anaesthesia compared with baseline, as seen by the region-of-interest analysis. This decrease corresponded to a consistent reduction in expression of canonical resting-state networks, as seen by independent component analysis. All measures returned to baseline 1 day later. CONCLUSIONS: The normal perianaesthesia trajectory of resting-state connectivity in healthy adults is characterised by a transient global reduction in anticorrelated activity shortly after emergence from anaesthesia that returns to baseline by the following day. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02275026.
BACKGROUND: A growing body of literature addresses the possible long-term cognitive effects of anaesthetics, but no study has delineated the normal trajectory of neural recovery attributable to anaesthesia alone in adults. We obtained resting-state functional MRI scans on 72 healthy human volunteers between ages 40 and 80 (median: 59) yr before, during, and after general anaesthesia with sevoflurane, in the absence of surgery, as part of a larger study on cognitive function postanaesthesia. METHODS: Region-of-interest analysis, independent component analysis, and seed-to-voxel analysis were used to characterise resting-state functional connectivity and to differentiate between correlated and anticorrelated connectivity before, during, and after general anaesthesia. RESULTS: Whilst positively correlated functional connectivity remained essentially unchanged across these perianaesthetic states, anticorrelated functional connectivity decreased globally by 35% 1 h after emergence from general anaesthesia compared with baseline, as seen by the region-of-interest analysis. This decrease corresponded to a consistent reduction in expression of canonical resting-state networks, as seen by independent component analysis. All measures returned to baseline 1 day later. CONCLUSIONS: The normal perianaesthesia trajectory of resting-state connectivity in healthy adults is characterised by a transient global reduction in anticorrelated activity shortly after emergence from anaesthesia that returns to baseline by the following day. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02275026.
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