Potential hazards of the dental ultrasonic descaler.

The use of a dental ultrasonic descaler may be associated with biological hazards to structures within the oral cavity. Thermal hazards may result from either frictional contact between the oscillating probe and tooth or from absorption of acoustic energy within the tooth. Transmission of ultrasound along the tooth may result in thrombogenic damage to nearby blood vessels. The vibrating probe tip may produce scratching of the tooth surface, and incorporation of oral bacteria within the aerosol generated by the instrument which may result in transmission of infected material. Damage to the ear may arise from the coupling of ultrasound to the bones of the skull via the tooth. Furthermore the electro-magnetic field produced by these devices may interfere with cardiac pacemakers. It is the patient receiving treatment who is mainly exposed to these potential hazards. However, the clinician and his supporting staff may also be at risk.