Chan Lu1, Dan Norbäck2, Yinping Zhang3, Baizhan Li4, Zhuohui Zhao5, Chen Huang6, Xin Zhang7, Hua Qian8, Yuexia Sun9, Juan Wang10, Wei Liu11, Jan Sundell9, Qihong Deng12. 1. XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. 2. XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address: dan.norback@medsci.uu.se. 3. School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. 4. Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. 5. Department of Environmental Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 6. Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. 7. Research Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China. 8. School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. 9. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China. 10. Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. 11. School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute for Health and Environment, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China. 12. XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. Electronic address: qhdeng@csu.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Few Chinese population studies exist on early life risk factors for furry pet allergy. OBJECTIVES: We studied childhood respiratory symptoms when in contact with furry pets in relation to early life exposure. Moreover, we studied similar environmental associations for rhinitis not related to furry pets. METHODS: Children aged 3-6 y from day care centres in seven Chinese cities participated (N = 39,782). Parents answered a questionnaire on home environment and children's health, including rhinoconjunctivitis and wheeze when in contact with furry pets, and diagnosed rhinitis. Prenatal and postnatal outdoor temperature, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 were calculated using data from monitoring stations. Associations were estimated by multilevel logistic regression. RESULTS: Totally 2% had cats, 4% dogs, and 3.2% had rhinoconjunctivitis or wheeze when in contact with furry pets (FP symptoms). Moreover, 1.1% had furry pet related diagnosed rhinitis and 7.5% had diagnosed rhinitis not related to furry pets (other diagnosed rhinitis). Prenatal PM2.5 and PM10, especially in second trimester, and a colder climate were risk factors for FP symptoms. ETS, dampness and mould, condensation on windows in wintertime, and cats and dog keeping were associated with FP symptoms. Breast feeding and frequent window opening were protective. Similar indoor associations were found for furry pet related diagnosed rhinitis. ETS, dampness and mould, window condensation, urbanization and mechanical exhaust ventilation were risk factors for other diagnosed rhinitis. Cooking with an electric stove and early life exposure to animals (cats, dogs, farm environment during pregnancy) were protective for diagnosed rhinitis not related to furry pets. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal outdoor PM10 and PM2.5 can be risk factors for symptoms suggestive of furry pet allergy. Early life dampness and mould can be risk factors for rhinitis related and not related to furry pets. Exposure to animals (cats, dogs, farm environment) may reduce diagnosed rhinitis not related to furry pets.
BACKGROUND: Few Chinese population studies exist on early life risk factors for furry pet allergy. OBJECTIVES: We studied childhood respiratory symptoms when in contact with furry pets in relation to early life exposure. Moreover, we studied similar environmental associations for rhinitis not related to furry pets. METHODS:Children aged 3-6 y from day care centres in seven Chinese cities participated (N = 39,782). Parents answered a questionnaire on home environment and children's health, including rhinoconjunctivitis and wheeze when in contact with furry pets, and diagnosed rhinitis. Prenatal and postnatal outdoor temperature, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 were calculated using data from monitoring stations. Associations were estimated by multilevel logistic regression. RESULTS: Totally 2% had cats, 4% dogs, and 3.2% had rhinoconjunctivitis or wheeze when in contact with furry pets (FP symptoms). Moreover, 1.1% had furry pet related diagnosed rhinitis and 7.5% had diagnosed rhinitis not related to furry pets (other diagnosed rhinitis). Prenatal PM2.5 and PM10, especially in second trimester, and a colder climate were risk factors for FP symptoms. ETS, dampness and mould, condensation on windows in wintertime, and cats and dog keeping were associated with FP symptoms. Breast feeding and frequent window opening were protective. Similar indoor associations were found for furry pet related diagnosed rhinitis. ETS, dampness and mould, window condensation, urbanization and mechanical exhaust ventilation were risk factors for other diagnosed rhinitis. Cooking with an electric stove and early life exposure to animals (cats, dogs, farm environment during pregnancy) were protective for diagnosed rhinitis not related to furry pets. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal outdoor PM10 and PM2.5 can be risk factors for symptoms suggestive of furry pet allergy. Early life dampness and mould can be risk factors for rhinitis related and not related to furry pets. Exposure to animals (cats, dogs, farm environment) may reduce diagnosed rhinitis not related to furry pets.
Authors: Agnes S Ellie; Yuexia Sun; Jing Hou; Pan Wang; Qingnan Zhang; Jan Sundell Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-04-14 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Katarzyna Kapszewicz; Daniela Podlecka; Kinga Polańska; Iwona Stelmach; Pawel Majak; Barbara Majkowska-Wojciechowska; Bogusław Tymoniuk; Joanna Jerzyńska; Agnieszka Brzozowska Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-09-20 Impact factor: 4.614