Amanda Veiga Sardeli1, Garett John Griffith2, Marcus Vinícius Mattos Abreu Dos Santos3, Mariana Stella Reinato Ito4, Wilson Nadruz5, Mara Patrícia Traina Chacon-Mikahil6. 1. Laboratory of Exercise Physiology - FISEX, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Gerontology Program, School of Medical Sciences, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil. Electronic address: amandavsardeli@gmail.com. 2. Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA. 3. Laboratory of Exercise Physiology - FISEX, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil. 4. Gerontology Program, School of Medical Sciences, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil. 5. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil. 6. Laboratory of Exercise Physiology - FISEX, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Gerontology Program, School of Medical Sciences, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Exercise recommendations for hypertensive individuals encourage the use of aerobic training (AT) for lowering blood pressure (BP). However, it is not clear whether equivalent BP-lowering effects are obtained with different exercise training types in older adults, among whom hypertension is more prevalent. DESIGN: We meta-analyzed previous literature testing different types of training [AT, resistance (RT) and combined (CT)] effects on casual systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), taking into account age and baseline BP influences. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), published up to August 2019 (PubMed), assessing exercise training effects on BP in hypertensive older adults (aged ≥50 years) were included (11, 8 and 3 RCTs tested the effects of AT, RT and CT, respectively). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: First, both AT and RT reduced SBP (-12.31 [-16.39; -8.24] and - 6.76 [-8.36; -5.17] mm Hg, respectively) and DBP (-4.31 [-5.96; -2.65] and - 3.53 [-4.22; -2.85] mm Hg, respectively) in older adults, while there was not enough evidence for the effects of CT on SBP, due to high variance among the small number of CT studies. Second, training-induced BP reductions were more prominent in patients <65 years compared to those >65 years. However, this difference was mostly driven by differences between AT and CT versus RT intervention on age subgroups. Third, baseline BP values, rather than type of exercise and age, were the main determinant of BP response to exercise (predicted 74% and 53% of SBP and DBP reduction, respectively), indicating this is a major confounding factor to be considered in studies evaluating the impact of exercise training on BP.
BACKGROUND: Exercise recommendations for hypertensive individuals encourage the use of aerobic training (AT) for lowering blood pressure (BP). However, it is not clear whether equivalent BP-lowering effects are obtained with different exercise training types in older adults, among whom hypertension is more prevalent. DESIGN: We meta-analyzed previous literature testing different types of training [AT, resistance (RT) and combined (CT)] effects on casual systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), taking into account age and baseline BP influences. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), published up to August 2019 (PubMed), assessing exercise training effects on BP in hypertensive older adults (aged ≥50 years) were included (11, 8 and 3 RCTs tested the effects of AT, RT and CT, respectively). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: First, both AT and RT reduced SBP (-12.31 [-16.39; -8.24] and - 6.76 [-8.36; -5.17] mm Hg, respectively) and DBP (-4.31 [-5.96; -2.65] and - 3.53 [-4.22; -2.85] mm Hg, respectively) in older adults, while there was not enough evidence for the effects of CT on SBP, due to high variance among the small number of CT studies. Second, training-induced BP reductions were more prominent in patients <65 years compared to those >65 years. However, this difference was mostly driven by differences between AT and CT versus RT intervention on age subgroups. Third, baseline BP values, rather than type of exercise and age, were the main determinant of BP response to exercise (predicted 74% and 53% of SBP and DBP reduction, respectively), indicating this is a major confounding factor to be considered in studies evaluating the impact of exercise training on BP.
Authors: Camila Simões Seguro; Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo; Anderson Garcia Silva; Matheus Malaquias Alves Dos Santos; John Sebastião Cardoso; Valéria Apolinário; Paulo Cesar Veiga Jardim; Paulo Gentil Journal: Eur J Transl Myol Date: 2021-03-26
Authors: Amanda V Sardeli; Arthur F Gáspari; Wellington M Dos Santos; Amanda A de Araujo; Kátia de Angelis; Lilian O Mariano; Cláudia R Cavaglieri; Bo Fernhall; Mara Patrícia T Chacon-Mikahil Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-09-04 Impact factor: 4.614