Adelina Yafasova1, Emil L Fosbøl2, Morten Schou3, Finn Gustafsson2, Kasper Rossing2, Henning Bundgaard2, Marie D Lauridsen2, Søren L Kristensen2, Christian Torp-Pedersen4, Gunnar H Gislason5, Lars Køber2, Jawad H Butt2. 1. Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: adelinay@hotmail.com. 2. Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. 3. Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark. 4. Department of Cardiology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark. 5. Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; The National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; The Danish Heart Foundation, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is estimated that 5% of patients with sarcoidosis have clinically manifest cardiac involvement, although autopsy and imaging studies suggest a significantly higher prevalence of cardiac involvement. There is a paucity of contemporary data on the risk of adverse cardiac outcomes, particularly heart failure (HF), in patients with sarcoidosis. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the long-term risk of HF and other adverse cardiac outcomes in patients with sarcoidosis compared with matched control subjects. METHODS: In this cohort study, all patients age ≥18 years with newly diagnosed sarcoidosis (1996 to 2016) were identified through Danish nationwide registries and matched 1:4 by age, sex, and comorbidities with control subjects from the background population without sarcoidosis. RESULTS: Of the 12,042 patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis, 11,834 patients were matched with 47,336 subjects from the background population (median age: 42.8 years [25th to 75th percentile: 33.1 to 55.8 years], 54.3% men). The median follow-up was 8.2 years. Absolute 10-year risks of outcomes were as follows: HF: 3.18% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.83% to 3.57%) for sarcoidosis patients and 1.72% (95% CI: 1.58% to 1.86%) for the background population; the composite of ICD implantation, ventricular arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest: 0.96% (95% CI: 0.77% to 1.18%) for sarcoidosis patients and 0.45% (95% CI: 0.38% to 0.53%) for the background population; the composite of pacemaker implantation, atrioventricular block, and sinoatrial dysfunction: 0.94% (95% CI: 0.75% to 1.16%) for sarcoidosis patients and 0.51% (95% CI: 0.44% to 0.59%) for the background population; atrial fibrillation or flutter: 3.44% (95% CI: 3.06% to 3.84%) for sarcoidosis patients and 2.66% (95% CI: 2.49% to 2.84%) for the background population; and all-cause mortality: 10.88% (95% CI: 10.23% to 11.55%) for sarcoidosis patients and 7.43% (95% CI: 7.15% to 7.72%) for the background population. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with sarcoidosis had a higher associated risk of HF and other adverse cardiac outcomes compared with matched control subjects.
BACKGROUND: It is estimated that 5% of patients with sarcoidosis have clinically manifest cardiac involvement, although autopsy and imaging studies suggest a significantly higher prevalence of cardiac involvement. There is a paucity of contemporary data on the risk of adverse cardiac outcomes, particularly heart failure (HF), in patients with sarcoidosis. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the long-term risk of HF and other adverse cardiac outcomes in patients with sarcoidosis compared with matched control subjects. METHODS: In this cohort study, all patients age ≥18 years with newly diagnosed sarcoidosis (1996 to 2016) were identified through Danish nationwide registries and matched 1:4 by age, sex, and comorbidities with control subjects from the background population without sarcoidosis. RESULTS: Of the 12,042 patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis, 11,834 patients were matched with 47,336 subjects from the background population (median age: 42.8 years [25th to 75th percentile: 33.1 to 55.8 years], 54.3% men). The median follow-up was 8.2 years. Absolute 10-year risks of outcomes were as follows: HF: 3.18% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.83% to 3.57%) for sarcoidosispatients and 1.72% (95% CI: 1.58% to 1.86%) for the background population; the composite of ICD implantation, ventricular arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest: 0.96% (95% CI: 0.77% to 1.18%) for sarcoidosispatients and 0.45% (95% CI: 0.38% to 0.53%) for the background population; the composite of pacemaker implantation, atrioventricular block, and sinoatrial dysfunction: 0.94% (95% CI: 0.75% to 1.16%) for sarcoidosispatients and 0.51% (95% CI: 0.44% to 0.59%) for the background population; atrial fibrillation or flutter: 3.44% (95% CI: 3.06% to 3.84%) for sarcoidosispatients and 2.66% (95% CI: 2.49% to 2.84%) for the background population; and all-cause mortality: 10.88% (95% CI: 10.23% to 11.55%) for sarcoidosispatients and 7.43% (95% CI: 7.15% to 7.72%) for the background population. CONCLUSIONS:Patients with sarcoidosis had a higher associated risk of HF and other adverse cardiac outcomes compared with matched control subjects.
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