Mohammed A Mamun1, Shaila Akter2, Imran Hossain3, Mohammad Thanvir Hasan Faisal4, Md Atikur Rahman5, Ahamedul Arefin6, Imtiaz Khan7, Lukman Hossain8, Md Ariful Haque9, Sahadat Hossain10, Moazzem Hossain11, Md Tajuddin Sikder10, Kagan Kircaburun12, Mark D Griffiths12. 1. Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Electronic address: mamun.abdullah@phiju.edu.bd. 2. Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Bangladesh Dental College, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 3. Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Mathematics, Kabi Nazrul Govt. College, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 4. Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pioneer Dental College, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 5. Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Health Technology, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 6. Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Development Professional, Adiyet Monjil, New Baharchara, Airport Road, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. 7. Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Microbiology, School of Life Science, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 8. Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Sociology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 9. Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Yan'an Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. 10. Department of Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 11. Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology of Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 12. Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Unemployment has a contributory role in the development of mental health problems and in Bangladesh there is increasing unemployment, particularly among youth. Consequently, the present study investigated depression, anxiety, and stress among recent graduates in a multi-city study across the country. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 988 Bangladeshi graduate jobseekers in six major cities of the country between August to November 2019. The measures included socio-demographics and life-style factors, study and job-related information, Economic Hardship Questionnaire, Financial Threat Scale, Financial Well-Being Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. RESULTS: Depression, anxiety and stress rates among the present sample were 81.1% (n = 801), 61.5% (n = 608) and 64.8% (n = 640) respectively. Factors related to gender, age, socioeconomic conditions, educational background, lack of extra-curricular activities, and high screen activity were significant risk factors of depression, anxiety, and stress. Structural equation modeling indicated that (while controlling for age, daily time spent on sleep study, and social media use), financial threat was moderately positively related to depression, anxiety, and stress. Financial hardship was weakly positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress, whereas financial wellbeing was weakly negatively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. LIMITATIONS: Due to the nature of the present study (i.e., cross-sectional study) and sampling method (i.e., convenience sampling), determining causality between the variables is not possible. CONCLUSIONS: The present results emphasized the important detrimental role of financial troubles on young people's mental health by showing that financial problems among unemployed youth predict elevated psychiatric distress in both men and women.
INTRODUCTION: Unemployment has a contributory role in the development of mental health problems and in Bangladesh there is increasing unemployment, particularly among youth. Consequently, the present study investigated depression, anxiety, and stress among recent graduates in a multi-city study across the country. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 988 Bangladeshi graduate jobseekers in six major cities of the country between August to November 2019. The measures included socio-demographics and life-style factors, study and job-related information, Economic Hardship Questionnaire, Financial Threat Scale, Financial Well-Being Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. RESULTS:Depression, anxiety and stress rates among the present sample were 81.1% (n = 801), 61.5% (n = 608) and 64.8% (n = 640) respectively. Factors related to gender, age, socioeconomic conditions, educational background, lack of extra-curricular activities, and high screen activity were significant risk factors of depression, anxiety, and stress. Structural equation modeling indicated that (while controlling for age, daily time spent on sleep study, and social media use), financial threat was moderately positively related to depression, anxiety, and stress. Financial hardship was weakly positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress, whereas financial wellbeing was weakly negatively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. LIMITATIONS: Due to the nature of the present study (i.e., cross-sectional study) and sampling method (i.e., convenience sampling), determining causality between the variables is not possible. CONCLUSIONS: The present results emphasized the important detrimental role of financial troubles on young people's mental health by showing that financial problems among unemployed youth predict elevated psychiatric distress in both men and women.
Authors: Mohammed A Mamun; Tahmina Akter; Fatematuz Zohra; Najmuj Sakib; A K M Israfil Bhuiyan; Palash Chandra Banik; Mohammad Muhit Journal: Heliyon Date: 2020-10-14
Authors: Dariusz Juchnowicz; Jacek Baj; Alicja Forma; Kaja Karakuła; Ryszard Sitarz; Jacek Bogucki; Hanna Karakula-Juchnowicz Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2021-03-01 Impact factor: 4.241