Hui Zhang1, Zhuqin Gu1, Chun Yao1, Yanning Cai1, Yuan Li1, Wei Mao1, Erhe Xu1, Ronald B Postuma1, Piu Chan2. 1. From the Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (H.Z.), Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Y.C.), and Department of Neurology (Y.L., W.M., E.X.), Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University (P.C.); Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Z.G.) and Department of Neurology, Neurobiology, and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Clinical and Research Center for Parkinson's Disease (P.C.), Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, China; Integrated Program in Neuroscience (C.Y.), McGill University; and Department of Neurology (R.B.P.), Montreal General Hospital, Canada. 2. From the Department of Neurology and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (H.Z.), Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Y.C.), and Department of Neurology (Y.L., W.M., E.X.), Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University (P.C.); Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Z.G.) and Department of Neurology, Neurobiology, and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Clinical and Research Center for Parkinson's Disease (P.C.), Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, China; Integrated Program in Neuroscience (C.Y.), McGill University; and Department of Neurology (R.B.P.), Montreal General Hospital, Canada. pbchan@hotmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors for idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in a community population in Beijing. METHODS: Participants aged 55 years and above were recruited from the Beijing Longitudinal Study on Aging II cohort. We identified individuals with possible RBD (pRBD) using the validated RBD Questionnaire-Hong Kong in 2010. A series of environmental, lifestyle, and other potential risk factors were assessed via standardized questionnaires in 2009. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between the studied factors and pRBD. RESULTS: Of 7,225 participants who were free of parkinsonism and dementia, 219 (3.0%) individuals were considered as having pRBD. Participants with pRBD reported more nonmotor and motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.10 to 4.40. Participants with pRBD were more likely to report a family history of parkinsonism or dementia (OR 3.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-7.46). There was a significant association between pRBD and self-reported hyperlipidemia (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.09-2.10), ever smoking (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.20-2.65), prior carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.39-3.83), and nonoccupational exposure to pesticides (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.40-3.50). CONCLUSION: Our study replicated previously reported associations between pRBD and hyperlipidemia, smoking, pesticide exposure, and several prodromal PD symptoms. We also found previously unreported links with a positive family history of parkinsonism or dementia and CO poisoning. Risk factor profiles for pRBD partially resemble those defined for PD, but also differ in distinct ways.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors for idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in a community population in Beijing. METHODS: Participants aged 55 years and above were recruited from the Beijing Longitudinal Study on Aging II cohort. We identified individuals with possible RBD (pRBD) using the validated RBD Questionnaire-Hong Kong in 2010. A series of environmental, lifestyle, and other potential risk factors were assessed via standardized questionnaires in 2009. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between the studied factors and pRBD. RESULTS: Of 7,225 participants who were free of parkinsonism and dementia, 219 (3.0%) individuals were considered as having pRBD. Participants with pRBD reported more nonmotor and motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.10 to 4.40. Participants with pRBD were more likely to report a family history of parkinsonism or dementia (OR 3.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-7.46). There was a significant association between pRBD and self-reported hyperlipidemia (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.09-2.10), ever smoking (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.20-2.65), prior carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.39-3.83), and nonoccupational exposure to pesticides (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.40-3.50). CONCLUSION: Our study replicated previously reported associations between pRBD and hyperlipidemia, smoking, pesticide exposure, and several prodromal PD symptoms. We also found previously unreported links with a positive family history of parkinsonism or dementia and CO poisoning. Risk factor profiles for pRBD partially resemble those defined for PD, but also differ in distinct ways.
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