Lilla Nóra Kovács1, Zsofia K Takacs2, Zsófia Tóth1, Evelin Simon3, Ágoston Schmelowszky3, Gyöngyi Kökönyei4. 1. Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Psychology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. 2. Institute of Education, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. 3. Institute of Psychology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. 4. Institute of Psychology, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. Electronic address: kokonyei.gyongyi@ppk.elte.hu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: rumination, defined as repetitive thoughts about emotionally relevant experiences, has been linked extensively with mood disorders, especially major depressive disorder (MDD).1 However, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting the importance of rumination in bipolar disorder (BD)2 as well. METHODS: we searched for studies that investigated rumination in both BD and MDD in four databases. Our systematic search identified 12 studies with an overall sample size of 2071 clinical patients. RESULTS: results demonstrated no significant difference in the ruminative tendencies of the two patient groups when all rumination measures were included. We tested for the effect of rumination subtype, BD subgroups, and the current mood state of BD and MDD patients. There were no significant differences in terms of depressive rumination, however, BD patients reported more rumination on positive affect. This difference remained significant when examining in BD-I3 and BD-II4 patient groups, with similar effect sizes. LIMITATIONS: due to the lack of sufficient data in the literature, only a few self-report studies qualified to be included in our analysis. Thus additional moderating factors, such as the current mood state of the two patient groups could not be analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: this review demonstrates that rumination is a significant process in both MDD and BD, highlighting the importance of interventions to reduce rumination in mood disorders. The two patient groups share several commonalities in terms of rumination, however, rumination subtype was found to be an important moderating variable underlining a difference in rumination on positive affect.
BACKGROUND: rumination, defined as repetitive thoughts about emotionally relevant experiences, has been linked extensively with mood disorders, especially major depressive disorder (MDD).1 However, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting the importance of rumination in bipolar disorder (BD)2 as well. METHODS: we searched for studies that investigated rumination in both BD and MDD in four databases. Our systematic search identified 12 studies with an overall sample size of 2071 clinical patients. RESULTS: results demonstrated no significant difference in the ruminative tendencies of the two patient groups when all rumination measures were included. We tested for the effect of rumination subtype, BD subgroups, and the current mood state of BD and MDDpatients. There were no significant differences in terms of depressive rumination, however, BD patients reported more rumination on positive affect. This difference remained significant when examining in BD-I3 and BD-II4 patient groups, with similar effect sizes. LIMITATIONS: due to the lack of sufficient data in the literature, only a few self-report studies qualified to be included in our analysis. Thus additional moderating factors, such as the current mood state of the two patient groups could not be analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: this review demonstrates that rumination is a significant process in both MDD and BD, highlighting the importance of interventions to reduce rumination in mood disorders. The two patient groups share several commonalities in terms of rumination, however, rumination subtype was found to be an important moderating variable underlining a difference in rumination on positive affect.
Authors: Sophie Tietz; Jolana Wagner-Skacel; Hans-Ferdinand Angel; Michaela Ratzenhofer; Frederike T Fellendorf; Eva Fleischmann; Christof Körner; Eva Z Reininghaus; Rüdiger J Seitz; Nina Dalkner Journal: World J Psychiatry Date: 2022-07-19