Mansour A Alghamdi1, Abdelaziz M Hussein2, Laith N Al-Eitan3, Eman Elnashar4, Ahmed Elgendy5, Asim M Abdalla6, Seham Ahmed7, Wael A Khalil8. 1. Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. 2. Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. Electronic address: menhag@mans.edu.eg. 3. Department of Applied Biological Science, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. 4. Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt. 5. Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. 6. Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. 7. Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 35621, Egypt. 8. Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This work investigates the possible renoprotective effects of date palm fruits and seeds extract against renal ischemia and their underlying mechanisms. METHODS: 108-Sprague Dawle male rats were randomly allocated into 6 equal groups differently receiving aqueous or methanolic fruit and seed extracts. Assay of serum creatinine, BUN and TNF-α, morphological examination of the left kidney, markers of the redox state (MDA, CAT, and GSH), the expression of TNFα and Nrf2 genes at the level of mRNA, the expression of caspase-3 and TGF-β proteins by immunohistochemistry were performed. RESULTS: 45-min renal I/R caused significant deterioration of kidney functions (increase in serum creatinine and BUN) and morphology (P < 0.001) and significant reduction in CAT activity and GSH levels with significant increase in serum TNF-α and MDA concentration and the expression of Nrf2, caspase-3, TNF-α, and TGF-β in kidney tissues. Pre-treatment with either date palm fruit or seed extracts significantly improved kidney functions and morphology (P ≤ 0.001) with a significant increase in the expression of Nrf2 and CAT activity, and GSH concentration and a reduction in serum TNF-α and expression of caspase-3, TNF-α, and TGF-β (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Administration of date palm extracts exhibited a renoprotective effect against renal I/R injury.This renoprotective action might be due to their antioxidants, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory actions. Moreover, aqueous fruit extracts offered powerful renoprotective effect than aqueous seed extracts, and aqueous fruit and seed extracts were generally more effective than methanolic extracts.
PURPOSE: This work investigates the possible renoprotective effects of date palm fruits and seeds extract against renal ischemia and their underlying mechanisms. METHODS: 108-Sprague Dawle male rats were randomly allocated into 6 equal groups differently receiving aqueous or methanolic fruit and seed extracts. Assay of serum creatinine, BUN and TNF-α, morphological examination of the left kidney, markers of the redox state (MDA, CAT, and GSH), the expression of TNFα and Nrf2 genes at the level of mRNA, the expression of caspase-3 and TGF-β proteins by immunohistochemistry were performed. RESULTS: 45-min renal I/R caused significant deterioration of kidney functions (increase in serum creatinine and BUN) and morphology (P < 0.001) and significant reduction in CAT activity and GSH levels with significant increase in serum TNF-α and MDA concentration and the expression of Nrf2, caspase-3, TNF-α, and TGF-β in kidney tissues. Pre-treatment with either date palm fruit or seed extracts significantly improved kidney functions and morphology (P ≤ 0.001) with a significant increase in the expression of Nrf2 and CAT activity, and GSH concentration and a reduction in serum TNF-α and expression of caspase-3, TNF-α, and TGF-β (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Administration of date palm extracts exhibited a renoprotective effect against renal I/R injury.This renoprotective action might be due to their antioxidants, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory actions. Moreover, aqueous fruit extracts offered powerful renoprotective effect than aqueous seed extracts, and aqueous fruit and seed extracts were generally more effective than methanolic extracts.