Nosheen Reza1, Ayman Samman Tahhan2, Nadim Mahmud3, Ersilia M DeFilippis4, Alaaeddin Alrohaibani2, Muthiah Vaduganathan5, Stephen J Greene6, Annie Hang Ho2, Gregg C Fonarow7, Javed Butler8, Christopher O'Connor6,9, Mona Fiuzat6, Orly Vardeny10, Ileana L Piña11, JoAnn Lindenfeld12, Mariell Jessup13. 1. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (N.R.), Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. 2. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.S.T., A.A., A.H.H.). 3. Division of Gastroenterology (N.M.), Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. 4. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, NY (E.M.D.). 5. Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart and Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.V.). 6. Duke Clinical Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (S.J.G., C.O., M.F.). 7. Ahmanson-UCLA Cardiomyopathy Center, University of California Los Angeles (G.C.F.). 8. Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson (J.B.). 9. Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA (C.O.). 10. Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System and the University of Minnesota (O.V.). 11. Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (I.L.P.). 12. Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Nashville, TN (J.L.). 13. American Heart Association, Dallas, TX (M.J.).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gender disparities in authorship of heart failure (HF) guideline citations and clinical trials have not been examined. METHODS: We identified authors of publications referenced in Class I Recommendations in United States (n=173) and European (n=100) HF guidelines and of publications of all HF trials with >400 participants (n=118) published between 2001 and 2016. Authors' genders were determined, and changes in authorship patterns over time were evaluated with linear regression and nonparametric testing. RESULTS: The median proportion of women authors per publication was 20% (interquartile range [IQR], 8%-33%) in United States guidelines, 14% (IQR, 2%-20%) in European guidelines, and 11% (IQR, 4%-20%) in HF trials. The proportion of women authors increased modestly over time in United States and European guidelines' references (β=0.005 and 0.003, respectively, from 1986 to 2016; P<0.001) but not in HF trials (12.5% [IQR, 0%-20%] in 2001-2004 to 8.9% [IQR, 0%-20%] in 2013-2016; P>0.50). Overall proportions of women as first or last authors in HF trials (16%) did not change significantly over time (P=0.60). North American HF trials had the highest likelihood of having a woman as first or senior author (24%). HF trials with a woman first or senior author were associated with a higher proportion of enrolled female participants (39% versus 26%, P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In HF practice guidelines and trials, few women are authors of pivotal publications. Higher number of women authors is associated with higher enrollment of women in HF trials. Barriers to authorship and representation of women in HF guidelines and HF trial leadership need to be addressed.
BACKGROUND: Gender disparities in authorship of heart failure (HF) guideline citations and clinical trials have not been examined. METHODS: We identified authors of publications referenced in Class I Recommendations in United States (n=173) and European (n=100) HF guidelines and of publications of all HF trials with >400 participants (n=118) published between 2001 and 2016. Authors' genders were determined, and changes in authorship patterns over time were evaluated with linear regression and nonparametric testing. RESULTS: The median proportion of women authors per publication was 20% (interquartile range [IQR], 8%-33%) in United States guidelines, 14% (IQR, 2%-20%) in European guidelines, and 11% (IQR, 4%-20%) in HF trials. The proportion of women authors increased modestly over time in United States and European guidelines' references (β=0.005 and 0.003, respectively, from 1986 to 2016; P<0.001) but not in HF trials (12.5% [IQR, 0%-20%] in 2001-2004 to 8.9% [IQR, 0%-20%] in 2013-2016; P>0.50). Overall proportions of women as first or last authors in HF trials (16%) did not change significantly over time (P=0.60). North American HF trials had the highest likelihood of having a woman as first or senior author (24%). HF trials with a woman first or senior author were associated with a higher proportion of enrolled female participants (39% versus 26%, P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In HF practice guidelines and trials, few women are authors of pivotal publications. Higher number of women authors is associated with higher enrollment of women in HF trials. Barriers to authorship and representation of women in HF guidelines and HF trial leadership need to be addressed.
Entities:
Keywords:
clinical trial; guideline; heart failure; publications; women
Authors: Mark Otto Baerlocher; Marshall Newton; Tina Gautam; George Tomlinson; Allan S Detsky Journal: J Investig Med Date: 2007-05 Impact factor: 2.895
Authors: Daniel M Blumenthal; Andrew R Olenski; Robert W Yeh; Doreen DeFaria Yeh; Amy Sarma; Ada C Stefanescu Schmidt; Malissa J Wood; Anupam B Jena Journal: Circulation Date: 2017-02-07 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Clyde W Yancy; Mariell Jessup; Biykem Bozkurt; Javed Butler; Donald E Casey; Monica M Colvin; Mark H Drazner; Gerasimos S Filippatos; Gregg C Fonarow; Michael M Givertz; Steven M Hollenberg; JoAnn Lindenfeld; Frederick A Masoudi; Patrick E McBride; Pamela N Peterson; Lynne Warner Stevenson; Cheryl Westlake Journal: Circulation Date: 2017-04-28 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Pamela S Douglas; Anne K Rzeszut; C Noel Bairey Merz; Claire S Duvernoy; Sandra J Lewis; Mary Norine Walsh; Linda Gillam Journal: JAMA Cardiol Date: 2018-08-01 Impact factor: 14.676
Authors: Christopher M O'Connor; Mitchell A Psotka; Mona Fiuzat; JoAnn Lindenfeld; William T Abraham; Michael R Bristow; Daniel Canos; Robert A Harrington; Matt Hillebrenner; Mariell Jessup; Fady I Malik; Scott D Solomon; Norman Stockbridge; James E Tcheng; Ellis F Unger; David J Whellan; Bram Zuckerman; Robert M Califf Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2018-01-30 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Ersilia M DeFilippis; Melvin Echols; Philip B Adamson; Wayne B Batchelor; Lauren B Cooper; Lawton S Cooper; Patrice Desvigne-Nickens; Richard T George; Nasrien E Ibrahim; Mariell Jessup; Dalane W Kitzman; Eric S Leifer; Martin Mendoza; Ileana L Piña; Mitchell Psotka; Fortunato Fred Senatore; Kenneth M Stein; John R Teerlink; Clyde W Yancy; JoAnn Lindenfeld; Mona Fiuzat; Christopher M O'Connor; Orly Vardeny; Muthiah Vaduganathan Journal: JAMA Cardiol Date: 2022-05-01 Impact factor: 30.154
Authors: Michelle D Kelsey; Bray Patrick-Lake; Raolat Abdulai; Uli C Broedl; Adam Brown; Elizabeth Cohn; Lesley H Curtis; Chris Komelasky; Michael Mbagwu; George A Mensah; Robert J Mentz; Amesika Nyaku; Stephanie O Omokaro; Judy Sewards; Kendal Whitlock; Xinzhi Zhang; Gerald S Bloomfield Journal: Contemp Clin Trials Date: 2022-03-29 Impact factor: 2.261
Authors: Sera Whitelaw; Lehana Thabane; Mamas A Mamas; Nosheen Reza; Khadijah Breathett; Pamela S Douglas; Harriette G C Van Spall Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2020-10-27 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Garima Sharma; Sandra Lewis; Toniya Singh; Laxmi S Mehta; Jennifer Mieres; Athena Poppas; Robert Harrington; Ileana L Piña; Annabelle Santos Volgman; Niti R Aggarwal Journal: CJC Open Date: 2021-08-02