| Literature DB >> 32754294 |
Sitraka Angelo Raharinavalona1, Thierry Razanamparany1, Rija Eric Raherison1, Andrinirina Dave Patrick Rakotomalala2.
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is considered as a cardiovascular risk factor and has become a major public health issue. It exacerbates the risks, which are already high among diabetics. The purpose of this study is to determine the rates of metabolic syndrome and other cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) in type 2 diabetics. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study in the Department of Endocrinology at the Befelatanana General Hospital, Antananarivo, over a period of 7 months. The diagnosis of MS was based on IDF harmonized criteria (2009). A total of 219 patients with type 2 diabetes were involved in the study, of whom 189 had metabolic syndrome (86.30%). MS was predominant in female patients (55.88%). On average, the mean age of patients was 58,58 years, BMI was 24.28 kg/m2 and abdominal circumference was 87,40 cm. Diabetes developed, in average, over 4.36 years (75.8% of patients had imbalance). Apart from hyperglycemia, arterial hypertension (AH) was the most common component of MS, followed by hypoHDLemia, abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridemia between the two genders. Other most commonly reported cardiovascular risk factors associated with diabetes were dyslipidemia, followed by overweight or obesity, albuminuria and smoking. Overweight or obesity were cardiovascular risk factors significantly associated with MS. MS rate was very high in type 2 diabetics with several other CRFs. Adequate management of these risk factors is necessary to reduce the number of patients with MS as well as its consequences in order to improve survival. © Sitraka Angelo Raharinavalona et al.Entities:
Keywords: Antananarivo; cardiovascular risk factors; metabolic syndrome; type 2 diabetes
Mesh:
Year: 2020 PMID: 32754294 PMCID: PMC7380865 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.67.15845
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Pan Afr Med J
caractéristiques générales de la population d’étude
| caractéristiques des patients | Total (N = 219) | Homme (n = 101) | Femme (n = 118) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age moyen (ans) | 58,58 ± 11,10 | 58,87 ± 10,56 | 58,33 ± 11,59 | 0,284 |
| IMC moyen (kg/m2) | 24,28 ± 4,23 | 23,95 ± 3,55 | 24,57 ± 4,74 | 0,932 |
| Maigreur et normale | 137 (62,56) | 63 (62,38) | 74 (62,71) | --- |
| Surcharge pondérale | 64 (29,23) | 34 (33,66) | 30 (25,42) | --- |
| Obésité modérée | 14 (6,39) | 3 (2,97) | 11 (9,32) | --- |
| Obésité sévére | 2 (0,91) | 1 (0,99) | 1 (0,85) | --- |
| Obésité morbide | 2 (0,91) | 0 (0) | 2 (1,70) | --- |
| PA moyenne (cm) | 87,40 ± 12,69 | 89,82 ± 10,95 | 85,33 ± 13,72 | 0,992 |
| Durée moyenne d’évolution du diabète (ans) | 4,36 ± 5,83 | 4,84 ± 5,14 | 3,96 ± 6,35 | 0,734 |
| GAJ moyenne (mmol/L) | 11,04 ± 6,42 | 11,17 ± 7,11 | 10,93 ± 5,78 | 0,672 |
| Moyenne (%) | 8,73 ± 2,51 | 9,02 ± 2,56 | 8,47 ± 2,45 | 0,429 |
| < 7% (n) (%) | 53 (24,2) | 17 (16,83) | 36 (30,51) | --- |
| ≥ 7% (n) (%) | 166 (75,8) | 84 (83,17) | 82 (69,49) | --- |
IMC: indice de masse corporelle, PA: périmètre abdominale, GAJ: glycémie à jeun, Hb A1C: hémoglobine glyquée
Figure 1: répartition des patients selon la tranche d’âge
Figure 2: répartition des patients selon le grade de l’hypertension artérielle
répartition des patients selon les composantes du syndrome métabolique
| Composantes du SM | Total (N = 219) | Homme (n = 101) | Femme (n = 118) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hyperglycémie n (%) | 219 (100%) | 101 (100%) | 118 (100%) | --- |
| Hypertension artérielle n (%) | 155 (70,78%) | 72 (71,29%) | 83 (70,34%) | < 0,001* |
| HypoHDLémie cholestérol n (%) | 135 (61,64%) | 54 (53,47%) | 81 (74,58%) | 0,015* |
| Obésité abdominale n (%) | 127 (57,99%) | 50 (49,50%) | 77 (65,25%) | < 0,001* |
| Hypertriglycéridémie n (%) | 110 (50,23%) | 52 (51,49%) | 58 (49,15%) | 0,011* |
SM: syndrome métabolique, HDL: High-density lipoprotein. *p significatif < 0,05
répartition des patients selon le nombre de composantes du syndrome métabolique
| Nombre du composantes du SM | Total (N = 219) | Homme (n = 101) | Femme (n = 118) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 ou 1 (n) (%) | 30 (13,70) | 15 (14,85) | 15 (12,71) |
| 3 (n) (%) | 99 (45,21) | 54 (53,47) | 45 (38,14) |
| 4 (n) (%) | 62 (28,31) | 23 (22,77) | 39 (33,05) |
| 5 (n) (%) | 28 (12,78) | 9 (8,91) | 19 (16,10) |
SM: syndrome métabolique
répartition des patients selon les autres facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire associés au diabète
| Facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire* | Total (N = 219) | Homme (n = 101) | Femme (n = 118) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dyslipidémie (n) (%) | ||||
| Dyslipidémiques | 200 (91,32) | 88 (87,13) | 112 (94,92) | 0,719 |
| Non dyslipidémiques | 19 (8,68) | 13 (12,87) | 6 (5,08) | --- |
| Surpoids ou obésité (n) (%) | ||||
| En surcharge pondérale ou obèse | 82 (37,44) | 38 (37,62) | 44 (37,29) | < 0,001** |
| Maigre ou poids normal | 137 (62,56) | 63 (62,38) | 74 (62,71) | --- |
| Albuminurie (n) (%) | ||||
| Albuminuriques | 78 (35,62) | 43 (42,57) | 35 (29,66) | 0,616 |
| Non albuminuriques | 141 (64,38) | 58 (57,43) | 83 (70,34) | --- |
| Tabac (n) (%) | ||||
| Tabagiques actifs ou sevrés moins de 3 mois | 54 (24,66) | 31 (30,69) | 23 (19,49) | 0,338 |
| Non tabagiques | 165 (75,34) | 70 (69,31) | 95 (80,51) | --- |
: Tous nos patients avaient au moins un facteur de risque cardiovasculaire associé à leur diabète. **p significatif < 0,05
Figure 3: répartition des patients selon le type de la dyslipidémie (HDLc: High density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDLc: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG: triglyceride, *Dyslipidémie mixte: association HypoHDL, HyperLDL et HyperTG)