Dimitra I Siachpazidou1, Ourania S Kotsiou2, Vasileios Stavrou3, Chaido Pastaka1,4, Eudoxia Gogou5, Maria Kechagia6, Charalampos Varsamas4, Nicholas-Tiberio Economou7, Spyridon Zouridis4, Eleni Patrikioy8, George Seitanidis1, Maria Pinaka1, Alexandra Sistou1, Chrissi Hatzoglou5, Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis1,4,3. 1. Laboratory of Respiratory Sleep Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece. 2. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece. raniakotsiou@gmail.com. 3. Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece. 4. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece. 5. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece. 6. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. 7. Division of Pulmonology, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. 8. Laboratory of Rheumatology Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have been found to exhibit lower serum vitamin D levels, even when the control groups are matched for confounding conditions. However, contradictory studies are also present. This study aimed to compare serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels between adult patients with OSAS and non-apneic controls and to evaluate the changes in 25(OH)D levels after 3 and 12 months of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. METHODS: The study was comprised of 30 patients with OSAS and 30 controls. Serum 25(OH)D levels were determined at baseline and after 3 and 12 months of CPAP therapy in all patients with OSAS. For analysis, patients with OSAS were divided into subgroups by adherence, with adherence defined as CPAP usage for > 4 h per night on at least 70% of nights. RESULTS: The 25(OH)D levels were not significantly different between OSAS and control groups at baseline. 25(OH)D levels did not change after 3 and 12 months of CPAP therapy. Patients who were CPAP-adherent showed less reduction in 25(OH)D levels compared with non-adherent ones (21.18 ± 9.3 vs. 12.13 ± 3.8 ng/mL, p = 0.022) after 1 year. The 25(OH)D levels were significantly correlated with higher daily CPAP usage at 3 and 12 months. Mean daily CPAP usage was a significant predictor of serum 25(OH)D levels at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with OSAS who demonstrated good CPAP adherence showed significantly higher 25(OH)D levels after 1 year compared with those not adequately using CPAP. Long-term good CPAP adherence and highly daily CPAP usage positively affected 25(OH)D levels in patients with OSAS.
PURPOSE: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have been found to exhibit lower serum vitamin D levels, even when the control groups are matched for confounding conditions. However, contradictory studies are also present. This study aimed to compare serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels between adult patients with OSAS and non-apneic controls and to evaluate the changes in 25(OH)D levels after 3 and 12 months of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. METHODS: The study was comprised of 30 patients with OSAS and 30 controls. Serum 25(OH)D levels were determined at baseline and after 3 and 12 months of CPAP therapy in all patients with OSAS. For analysis, patients with OSAS were divided into subgroups by adherence, with adherence defined as CPAP usage for > 4 h per night on at least 70% of nights. RESULTS: The 25(OH)D levels were not significantly different between OSAS and control groups at baseline. 25(OH)D levels did not change after 3 and 12 months of CPAP therapy. Patients who were CPAP-adherent showed less reduction in 25(OH)D levels compared with non-adherent ones (21.18 ± 9.3 vs. 12.13 ± 3.8 ng/mL, p = 0.022) after 1 year. The 25(OH)D levels were significantly correlated with higher daily CPAP usage at 3 and 12 months. Mean daily CPAP usage was a significant predictor of serum 25(OH)D levels at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with OSAS who demonstrated good CPAP adherence showed significantly higher 25(OH)D levels after 1 year compared with those not adequately using CPAP. Long-term good CPAP adherence and highly daily CPAP usage positively affected 25(OH)D levels in patients with OSAS.
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