María Lorenzo-Gonzalez1, Alberto Ruano-Ravina2, María Torres-Duran3, Karl T Kelsey4, Mariano Provencio5, Isaura Parente-Lamelas6, María Piñeiro-Lamas7, Leonor Varela-Lema8, Monica Perez-Rios9, Alberto Fernandez-Villar3, Juan M Barros-Dios10. 1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. 2. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública- CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. Electronic address: alberto.ruano@usc.es. 3. Service of Neumology, University Hospital Complex of Vigo, Spain. 4. Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. 5. Service of Oncology, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. 6. Service of Neumology, University Hospital Complex of Ourense, Spain. 7. Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública- CIBERESP), Spain. 8. Galician Agency for Health Technology Assessment, Avalia-t. ACIS, SERGAS. Galician Health Service, Spain. 9. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública- CIBERESP), Spain. 10. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública- CIBERESP), Spain; Service of Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Through a pooled case-control study design, we have assessed the relationship between residential radon exposure and lung cancer risk. Other objectives of the study were to evaluate the different risk estimates for the non-small cell lung cancer histological types and to assess the effect modification of the radon exposure on lung cancer risk by tobacco consumption. METHODS: We collected individual data from various case-control studies performed in northwest Spain that investigated residential radon and lung cancer. Cases had a confirmed anatomopathological diagnosis of primary lung cancer and controls were selected because they were undergoing ambulatory evaluation or surgical procedures that were unrelated to tobacco use. Residential radon was measured using alpha track detectors. Results were analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: 3704 participants were enrrolled, 1842 cases and 1862 controls. Data show that lung cancer risk increases with radon exposure, finding a significant association of radon exposure with lung cancer at radon exposures above 50 Bq/m3. The estimated adjusted OR for individuals exposed to concentrations >200 Bq/m3 was 2.06 (95% CI: 1.61-2.64) compared with those exposed to ≤50 Bq/m3. Within a smoking category, lung cancer risk increases markedly as radon concentration increases, reaching an OR of 29.3 (95% CI: 15.4-55.7) for heavy smokers exposed to more than 200 Bq/m.3 CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that residential radon exposure is a risk factor for lung cancer well below action levels established by international organizations. As expected, there is also an effect modification between radon exposure and tobacco consumption.
BACKGROUND: Through a pooled case-control study design, we have assessed the relationship between residential radon exposure and lung cancer risk. Other objectives of the study were to evaluate the different risk estimates for the non-small cell lung cancer histological types and to assess the effect modification of the radon exposure on lung cancer risk by tobacco consumption. METHODS: We collected individual data from various case-control studies performed in northwest Spain that investigated residential radon and lung cancer. Cases had a confirmed anatomopathological diagnosis of primary lung cancer and controls were selected because they were undergoing ambulatory evaluation or surgical procedures that were unrelated to tobacco use. Residential radon was measured using alpha track detectors. Results were analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: 3704 participants were enrrolled, 1842 cases and 1862 controls. Data show that lung cancer risk increases with radon exposure, finding a significant association of radon exposure with lung cancer at radon exposures above 50 Bq/m3. The estimated adjusted OR for individuals exposed to concentrations >200 Bq/m3 was 2.06 (95% CI: 1.61-2.64) compared with those exposed to ≤50 Bq/m3. Within a smoking category, lung cancer risk increases markedly as radon concentration increases, reaching an OR of 29.3 (95% CI: 15.4-55.7) for heavy smokers exposed to more than 200 Bq/m.3 CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that residential radon exposure is a risk factor for lung cancer well below action levels established by international organizations. As expected, there is also an effect modification between radon exposure and tobacco consumption.
Authors: Alexandra Giraldo-Osorio; Alberto Ruano-Ravina; Mónica Pérez-Ríos; Leonor Varela-Lema; Juan Miguel Barros-Dios; Nelson Enrique Arias-Ortiz Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-01-29 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Leonel J R Nunes; António Curado; Luís C C da Graça; Salete Soares; Sérgio Ivan Lopes Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-03-25 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Lucía Martin-Gisbert; Alberto Ruano-Ravina; Juan Miguel Barros-Dios; Leonor Varela-Lema; Mónica Pérez-Ríos Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-09-08 Impact factor: 4.614