Xiang Li1, Tao Zhou1, Hao Ma1, Yoriko Heianza1, Catherine M Champagne2, Donald A Williamson2, George A Bray2, Frank M Sacks3, Lu Qi1,3. 1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. 2. Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. 3. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract
AIM: To investigate whether the genetic risk score (GRS) for lean body mass (LBM) modified the effects of weight-loss diets on changes in appetite and adiposity among overweight and obese individuals. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: In the 2-year Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS Lost) trial, we included 692 adults who were randomly assigned to one of fourdiets varying in macronutrient intake. A GRS was calculated using five single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with LBM. RESULTS: The LBM-GRS was not associated with the baseline LBM measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in a subgroup (50%) of the study population. We found that the LBM-GRS had significantly different associations with changes in appetite from baseline to 6 months according to low- or high-fat diet group (P-interaction < 0.001, 0.021, 0.005 and 0.024 for total appetite score, hunger, fullness and prospective consumption, respectively). Lower LBM-GRS (indicating a greater genetic predisposition to LBM) was associated with greater decreases in the total appetite score (P < 0.001), hunger (P = 0.01), fullness (P = 0.001) and prospective consumption (P = 0.019) in participants in the low-fat diet group, whereas no significant associations with these appetite measures were observed in the high-fat diet group. In addition, lower LBM-GRS was associated with greater reduction in body weight (P = 0.003) and waist circumference (P = 0.011) among participants in the low-fat diet group, while no associations were observed in the high-fat diet group. The interactions attenuated, along with weight regain, from 6 months to 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that genetic variation in LBM may be differentially associated with appetite changes, and may subsequently be related to changes in body weight and waist circumference, according to dietary fat intake.
RCT Entities:
AIM: To investigate whether the genetic risk score (GRS) for lean body mass (LBM) modified the effects of weight-loss diets on changes in appetite and adiposity among overweight and obese individuals. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: In the 2-year Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS Lost) trial, we included 692 adults who were randomly assigned to one of four diets varying in macronutrient intake. A GRS was calculated using five single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with LBM. RESULTS: The LBM-GRS was not associated with the baseline LBM measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in a subgroup (50%) of the study population. We found that the LBM-GRS had significantly different associations with changes in appetite from baseline to 6 months according to low- or high-fat diet group (P-interaction < 0.001, 0.021, 0.005 and 0.024 for total appetite score, hunger, fullness and prospective consumption, respectively). Lower LBM-GRS (indicating a greater genetic predisposition to LBM) was associated with greater decreases in the total appetite score (P < 0.001), hunger (P = 0.01), fullness (P = 0.001) and prospective consumption (P = 0.019) in participants in the low-fat diet group, whereas no significant associations with these appetite measures were observed in the high-fat diet group. In addition, lower LBM-GRS was associated with greater reduction in body weight (P = 0.003) and waist circumference (P = 0.011) among participants in the low-fat diet group, while no associations were observed in the high-fat diet group. The interactions attenuated, along with weight regain, from 6 months to 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that genetic variation in LBM may be differentially associated with appetite changes, and may subsequently be related to changes in body weight and waist circumference, according to dietary fat intake.
Authors: E Ravussin; S Lillioja; W C Knowler; L Christin; D Freymond; W G Abbott; V Boyce; B V Howard; C Bogardus Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 1988-02-25 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Christopher M Weise; Pradeep Thiyyagura; Eric M Reiman; Kewei Chen; Jonathan Krakoff Journal: Hum Brain Mapp Date: 2015-03-13 Impact factor: 5.038
Authors: Eduardo R Ropelle; Marcelo B Flores; Dennys E Cintra; Guilherme Z Rocha; José R Pauli; Joseane Morari; Claudio T de Souza; Juliana C Moraes; Patrícia O Prada; Dioze Guadagnini; Rodrigo M Marin; Alexandre G Oliveira; Taize M Augusto; Hernandes F Carvalho; Lício A Velloso; Mario J A Saad; José B C Carvalheira Journal: PLoS Biol Date: 2010-08-24 Impact factor: 8.029
Authors: Clare Heidi Llewellyn; Maciej Trzaskowski; Cornelia Hendrika Maria van Jaarsveld; Robert Plomin; Jane Wardle Journal: JAMA Pediatr Date: 2014-04 Impact factor: 16.193