Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 contributes to neuroinflammation and negatively regulates cognitive outcomes in a pilocarpine-induced mouse model of epilepsy.

Neuroinflammation contributes to the generation of epileptic seizures and is associate with neuropathology and comorbidities. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) expresses in various cell types in the brain. It plays a pathological role in a wide range of neuroinflammatory diseases, but has yet been studied in epilepsy. Here, a temporal lobe epilepsy model was generated by pilocarpine administration in mice. At 24 h, knockout (KO) TRPM2 alleviated the level of neuroinflammation, showing a reduction of IL-1β, TNF-α, CXCL2 and IL-6 mRNA production, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 protein expression and glial activation. Moreover, KO TRPM2 alleviated neurodegeneration, concurrent with reduced Beclin-1 and ATG5 protein expression. Later, KO TRPM2 ameliorated the epilepsy-induced psychological disorders, with improved performance in the open-field, Y maze and novel object recognition test. Together, these results suggest that TRPM2 facilitates epilepsy-related brain injury and may shed light on its potential as a therapeutic target for epilepsy-associated neuropathology and comorbidities.