Aiym B Tleuova1, Ewa Wielogorska2, V S S L Prasad Talluri3, František Štěpánek4, Christopher T Elliott5, Dmitry O Grigoriev6. 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: aiym.tleuova@vscht.cz. 2. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic. 3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic. 4. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic. 5. Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK. 6. Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, 14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fungi have evolved for 1 billion years and due to their adaptability and resilience can be found in multiple habitats around the globe. Among numerous species of fungi, some are pathogenic, and humans have battled since the dawn of organized agriculture to reduce production losses. With the arrival of fungicides many gains have been made in this struggle. However, though fungicides have greatly contributed to substantial increase in agricultural productivity, their over usage has led to both health and environmental repercussions. They remain cornerstone of the agriculture industry, however, development of safer formulations to champion sustainable and eco-friendly agriculture is of great importance, especially in face of a growing global population, climate change and increasing fungal resistance to existing compounds. SCOPE AND APPROACH: The aim of this review is to present the state of the art in fungicides formulations developed for agrochemistry, also describing recent improvements in their safety, with special focus on fungicides used most against the ten most important fungal pathogens. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: The major focus in the field remains to be the improvement of the overall performance of the fungicide formulations. The research trends are also moving towards developing more eco-friendly formulations. However, there are still very few studies assessing nanoformulations toxicity and environmental impact. For example, there is still a limited body of research on the holistic assessment of nanoformulation shells' fate in soil and in the environment after release, as well as redistribution within plants after absorption, with no studies on human or environmental exposure.
BACKGROUND: Fungi have evolved for 1 billion years and due to their adaptability and resilience can be found in multiple habitats around the globe. Among numerous species of fungi, some are pathogenic, and humans have battled since the dawn of organized agriculture to reduce production losses. With the arrival of fungicides many gains have been made in this struggle. However, though fungicides have greatly contributed to substantial increase in agricultural productivity, their over usage has led to both health and environmental repercussions. They remain cornerstone of the agriculture industry, however, development of safer formulations to champion sustainable and eco-friendly agriculture is of great importance, especially in face of a growing global population, climate change and increasing fungal resistance to existing compounds. SCOPE AND APPROACH: The aim of this review is to present the state of the art in fungicides formulations developed for agrochemistry, also describing recent improvements in their safety, with special focus on fungicides used most against the ten most important fungal pathogens. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: The major focus in the field remains to be the improvement of the overall performance of the fungicide formulations. The research trends are also moving towards developing more eco-friendly formulations. However, there are still very few studies assessing nanoformulations toxicity and environmental impact. For example, there is still a limited body of research on the holistic assessment of nanoformulation shells' fate in soil and in the environment after release, as well as redistribution within plants after absorption, with no studies on human or environmental exposure.
Authors: Tatiana G Volova; Evgeniy G Kiselev; Sergey V Baranovskiy; Natalia O Zhila; Svetlana V Prudnikova; Ekaterina I Shishatskaya; Andrey P Kuzmin; Ivan V Nemtsev; Aleksander D Vasiliev; Sabu Thomas Journal: Polymers (Basel) Date: 2022-09-03 Impact factor: 4.967
Authors: John McGinley; Jenny Harmon O'Driscoll; Mark G Healy; Paraic C Ryan; Per Eric Mellander; Liam Morrison; Oisin Callery; Alma Siggins Journal: Soil Use Manag Date: 2022-03-08 Impact factor: 3.672