Gabriela Rangel Brandão1, Laetitia Teixeira2, Lia Araújo3, Constança Paúl4, Oscar Ribeiro5. 1. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto. Porto, Portugal; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre, Brazil. 2. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto. Porto, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), Aveiro/Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: lcteixeira@icbas.up.pt. 3. Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), Aveiro/Porto, Portugal; Escola Superior de Educação, Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Viseu, Portugal. 4. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto. Porto, Portugal; Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), Aveiro/Porto, Portugal. 5. Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), Aveiro/Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Self-medication, despite some benefits, carries many risks, especially when practiced by older adults who are polymedicated. Information addressing the prevalence and associated factors of self-medication in older age in a European context is scarce and sometimes contradictory. This paper aims to estimate the prevalence of self-medication among older adults across Europe and to identify its predictive factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Micro-data from the European Health Interview Survey (2006-2009) was used. PARTICIPANTS: The sample comprised 31,672 community-dwelling individuals aged 65 and over living in private households in 14 European countries. MEASUREMENTS: The analyses explored the use, over the last two weeks, of any medicines, supplements, or vitamins that were not prescribed by a doctor. RESULTS: The mean self-medication prevalence was 26.3 %, being the highest in Poland (49.4 %) and the lowest in Spain (7.8 %). Greater odds of self-medication were found for women and for participants who were younger, divorced, or presented a higher educational degree. The presence of long-standing illness and physical pain or not using prescribed medication also significantly increased the possibility of self-medication. A wide variation in the odds of self-medication between countries was also observed (up to 8 times more for Poland, compared to Spain). CONCLUSION: Self-medication is a prevalent problem among older Europeans, and even though some think it is risk-free, dangers tend to be greater with advancing age. This study will help identify the groups most likely to have this behavior so that we can focus on targeted educative and preventive initiatives.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Self-medication, despite some benefits, carries many risks, especially when practiced by older adults who are polymedicated. Information addressing the prevalence and associated factors of self-medication in older age in a European context is scarce and sometimes contradictory. This paper aims to estimate the prevalence of self-medication among older adults across Europe and to identify its predictive factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Micro-data from the European Health Interview Survey (2006-2009) was used. PARTICIPANTS: The sample comprised 31,672 community-dwelling individuals aged 65 and over living in private households in 14 European countries. MEASUREMENTS: The analyses explored the use, over the last two weeks, of any medicines, supplements, or vitamins that were not prescribed by a doctor. RESULTS: The mean self-medication prevalence was 26.3 %, being the highest in Poland (49.4 %) and the lowest in Spain (7.8 %). Greater odds of self-medication were found for women and for participants who were younger, divorced, or presented a higher educational degree. The presence of long-standing illness and physical pain or not using prescribed medication also significantly increased the possibility of self-medication. A wide variation in the odds of self-medication between countries was also observed (up to 8 times more for Poland, compared to Spain). CONCLUSION: Self-medication is a prevalent problem among older Europeans, and even though some think it is risk-free, dangers tend to be greater with advancing age. This study will help identify the groups most likely to have this behavior so that we can focus on targeted educative and preventive initiatives.
Authors: Eduardo Sánchez-Sánchez; Fátima Lucía Fernández-Cerezo; Jara Díaz-Jimenez; Manuel Rosety-Rodriguez; Antonio Jesús Díaz; Francisco Javier Ordonez; Miguel Ángel Rosety; Ignacio Rosety Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-05-21 Impact factor: 3.390