Erik D Hanson1,2, Samy Sakkal2, Shadney Que2, Eunhan Cho3, Guillaume Spielmann3, Elif Kadife2, John A Violet4, Claudio L Battaglini1, Lee Stoner1, David B Bartlett5, Glenn K McConell2, Alan Hayes2,6,7. 1. Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 2. Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. 3. School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. 4. Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. 5. Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. 6. Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. 7. Department of Medicine, Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? What are the characteristics of the NK cell response following acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in prostate cancer survivors and is there a relationship between stress hormones and NK cell mobilization? What is the main finding and its importance? NK cell numbers and proportions changed similarly between prostate cancer survivors and controls following acute exercise. Consecutive training sessions can likely be used without adverse effects on the immune system during prostate cancer treatment. ABSTRACT: Prostate cancer treatment affects multiple physiological systems, although the immune response during exercise has been minimally investigated. The objective was to characterize the natural killer (NK) cell response following acute exercise in prostate cancer survivors. Prostate cancer survivors on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and those without (PCa) along with non-cancer controls (CON) completed a moderate intensity cycling bout. NK cells were phenotyped before and 0, 2 and 24 h after acute exercise using flow cytometry. CD56 total NK cell frequency increased by 6.2% at 0 h (P < 0.001) and decreased by 2.5% at 2 h (P < 0.01) with similar findings in CD56dim cells. NK cell counts also exhibited a biphasic response. Independent of exercise, ADT had intracellular interferon γ (IFNγ) expression that was nearly twofold higher than CON (P < 0.01). PCa perforin expression was reduced by 11.4% (P < 0.05), suggesting these cells may be more prone to degranulation. CD57- NK cells demonstrated increased perforin and IFNγ frequencies after exercise with no change within the CD57+ populations. All NK and leukocyte populations returned to baseline by 24 h. NK cell mobilization and egress with acute exercise appear normal, as cell counts and frequencies in prostate cancer survivors change similarly to CON. However, lower perforin proportions (PCa) and higher IFNγ expression (ADT) may alter NK cytotoxicity and require further investigation. The return of NK cell proportions to resting levels overnight suggests that consecutive training sessions can be used without adverse effects on the immune system during prostate cancer treatment.
NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? What are the characteristics of the NK cell response following acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in prostate cancer survivors and is there a relationship between stress hormones and NK cell mobilization? What is the main finding and its importance? NK cell numbers and proportions changed similarly between prostate cancer survivors and controls following acute exercise. Consecutive training sessions can likely be used without adverse effects on the immune system during prostate cancer treatment. ABSTRACT: Prostate cancer treatment affects multiple physiological systems, although the immune response during exercise has been minimally investigated. The objective was to characterize the natural killer (NK) cell response following acute exercise in prostate cancer survivors. Prostate cancer survivors on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and those without (PCa) along with non-cancer controls (CON) completed a moderate intensity cycling bout. NK cells were phenotyped before and 0, 2 and 24 h after acute exercise using flow cytometry. CD56 total NK cell frequency increased by 6.2% at 0 h (P < 0.001) and decreased by 2.5% at 2 h (P < 0.01) with similar findings in CD56dim cells. NK cell counts also exhibited a biphasic response. Independent of exercise, ADT had intracellular interferon γ (IFNγ) expression that was nearly twofold higher than CON (P < 0.01). PCa perforin expression was reduced by 11.4% (P < 0.05), suggesting these cells may be more prone to degranulation. CD57- NK cells demonstrated increased perforin and IFNγ frequencies after exercise with no change within the CD57+ populations. All NK and leukocyte populations returned to baseline by 24 h. NK cell mobilization and egress with acute exercise appear normal, as cell counts and frequencies in prostate cancer survivors change similarly to CON. However, lower perforin proportions (PCa) and higher IFNγ expression (ADT) may alter NK cytotoxicity and require further investigation. The return of NK cell proportions to resting levels overnight suggests that consecutive training sessions can be used without adverse effects on the immune system during prostate cancer treatment.
Authors: Erik D Hanson; Lauren C Bates; Elizabeth P Harrell; David B Bartlett; Jordan T Lee; Chad W Wagoner; Mohamdod S Alzer; Dean J Amatuli; Brian C Jensen; Allison M Deal; Hyman B Muss; Kirsten A Nyrop; Claudio L Battaglini Journal: Exp Gerontol Date: 2021-06-16 Impact factor: 4.253
Authors: Pedro L Valenzuela; Gonzalo Saco-Ledo; Alejandro Lucia; Carmen Fiuza-Luces; Alejandro Santos-Lozano; Javier S Morales; Adrián Castillo-García; Richard J Simpson Journal: Sports Med Open Date: 2022-03-04
Authors: Nasim Khosravi; Erik D Hanson; Vahid Farajivafa; William S Evans; Jordan T Lee; Eli Danson; Chad W Wagoner; Elizabeth P Harrell; Stephanie A Sullivan; Kirsten A Nyrop; Hyman B Muss; David B Bartlett; Brian C Jensen; Shahpar Haghighat; Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi; Claudio L Battaglini Journal: Brain Behav Immun Health Date: 2021-03-22
Authors: David B Bartlett; Erik D Hanson; Jordan T Lee; Chad W Wagoner; Elizabeth P Harrell; Stephanie A Sullivan; Lauren C Bates; Mohamdod S Alzer; Dean J Amatuli; Allison M Deal; Brian C Jensen; Grace MacDonald; Michael A Deal; Hyman B Muss; Kirsten A Nyrop; Claudio L Battaglini Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2021-10-27 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Eunhan Cho; Bailey Theall; James Stampley; Joshua Granger; Neil M Johannsen; Brian A Irving; Guillaume Spielmann Journal: Viruses Date: 2021-08-03 Impact factor: 5.048
Authors: Tim Schauer; Sissal Sigmundsdóttir Djurhuus; Casper Simonsen; Klaus Brasso; Jesper Frank Christensen Journal: Brain Behav Immun Health Date: 2022-09-07
Authors: Erik D Hanson; Cameron K Stopforth; Mohamdod Alzer; Jackson Carver; Alexander R Lucas; Young E Whang; Matthew I Milowsky; David B Bartlett; Michael R Harrison; Alan Hayes; Rhonda L Bitting; Allison M Deal; A C Hackney; Claudio L Battaglini Journal: Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis Date: 2021-01-25 Impact factor: 5.554
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