Luca Tessari1, Marco Angriman2, Amparo Díaz-Román3, Junhua Zhang4, Andreas Conca1,5, Samuele Cortese6,7,8,9. 1. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Bolzano, Italy. 2. Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy. 3. University of Granada, Granada, Spain. 4. Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China. 5. San Maurizio Hospital, Bolzano, Italy. 6. University of Southampton, UK. 7. Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK. 8. New York University Child Study Center, New York, NY, USA. 9. University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of studies assessing the relationship between exposure to pesticides and ADHD or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). METHODS: Based on a pre-registered protocol in PROPSERO (CRD42018107847), we searched PubMed, Ovid databases, and ISI Web of Knowledge with no date/language/document type restrictions, up to May 2019. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. RESULTS: Among the 29 retained studies, 13 focused on ADHD, 14 on ASD, and two on both disorders. Ten studies reported a significant association between exposure to pesticides and ADHD/ADHD symptoms and 12 studies found a significant association with ASD/ASD traits. The strengths of the association and the possible confounders controlled for varied substantially across studies. CONCLUSION: Whilst there is some evidence suggesting a possible link between pesticides and ADHD/ASD, heterogeneity across studies prevents firm conclusions. We provide methodological indications for future studies.
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of studies assessing the relationship between exposure to pesticides and ADHD or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). METHODS: Based on a pre-registered protocol in PROPSERO (CRD42018107847), we searched PubMed, Ovid databases, and ISI Web of Knowledge with no date/language/document type restrictions, up to May 2019. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. RESULTS: Among the 29 retained studies, 13 focused on ADHD, 14 on ASD, and two on both disorders. Ten studies reported a significant association between exposure to pesticides and ADHD/ADHD symptoms and 12 studies found a significant association with ASD/ASD traits. The strengths of the association and the possible confounders controlled for varied substantially across studies. CONCLUSION: Whilst there is some evidence suggesting a possible link between pesticides and ADHD/ASD, heterogeneity across studies prevents firm conclusions. We provide methodological indications for future studies.
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