Mary Elizabeth Bernardin1, Joseph Moen2, David Schnadower3. 1. Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO. Electronic address: mebkrb@missouri.edu. 2. Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. 3. Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To identify factors associated with firearm injury (FI) and willingness to enroll in a violence intervention program amongst pediatric victims of violence. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of victims of violence age 6-19 years presenting to a children's hospital emergency department from 2014 to 2017. Participants were interviewed by social workers prior to being offered enrollment in a violence intervention program. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with FI and enrollment in the violence intervention program. RESULTS: Four hundred seven patients were analyzed, 156 (38%) of which were victims of FI and 251 (62%) were victims of non-firearm-related physical assaults (PA). Multiple factors were associated with FI including older adolescent age, male sex, separated/divorced parents, losses in family/social network due to violence, being on probation, illicit substance use, gang affiliation, and lack of school enrollment. One hundred four patients (26%) enrolled in the violence intervention program. There was no difference in enrollment between FI and PA. However, older adolescent age, illicit substance use and probation were associated with significantly decreased odds of enrolling in the program. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple identifiable and potentially actionable risk factors exist amongst pediatric victims of acute FI. More specific targeting of at-risk groups may improve enrollment in violence interventions programs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: This is a prognostic study, investigating the natural history of pediatric firearm injuries, factors associated with firearm injuries as well as those associated with patient propensity to enroll in a violence intervention program. This study is observational in nature and utilizes patients with non-firearm-related physical assaults as a control group, making this study Level III evidence. Published by Elsevier Inc.
PURPOSE: To identify factors associated with firearm injury (FI) and willingness to enroll in a violence intervention program amongst pediatric victims of violence. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of victims of violence age 6-19 years presenting to a children's hospital emergency department from 2014 to 2017. Participants were interviewed by social workers prior to being offered enrollment in a violence intervention program. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with FI and enrollment in the violence intervention program. RESULTS: Four hundred seven patients were analyzed, 156 (38%) of which were victims of FI and 251 (62%) were victims of non-firearm-related physical assaults (PA). Multiple factors were associated with FI including older adolescent age, male sex, separated/divorced parents, losses in family/social network due to violence, being on probation, illicit substance use, gang affiliation, and lack of school enrollment. One hundred four patients (26%) enrolled in the violence intervention program. There was no difference in enrollment between FI and PA. However, older adolescent age, illicit substance use and probation were associated with significantly decreased odds of enrolling in the program. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple identifiable and potentially actionable risk factors exist amongst pediatric victims of acute FI. More specific targeting of at-risk groups may improve enrollment in violence interventions programs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: This is a prognostic study, investigating the natural history of pediatric firearm injuries, factors associated with firearm injuries as well as those associated with patient propensity to enroll in a violence intervention program. This study is observational in nature and utilizes patients with non-firearm-related physical assaults as a control group, making this study Level III evidence. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Authors: Laura A Voith; Meghan Salas Atwell; Alena Sorensen; Tito J Thomas; Claudia Coulton; Edward M Barksdale Journal: J Racial Ethn Health Disparities Date: 2022-07-11