Shiyu Zhang1, Yin Yang1, XinHui Xie2, Huan Li1, Rong Han3, Jiesheng Hou4, Jia Sun5, Zhengmin Min Qian5, Shaowei Wu6, Cunrui Huang7, Steven W Howard5, Fei Tian1, WenFeng Deng8, Hualiang Lin9. 1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. 2. Brain Function and Psychosomatic Medicine Institute, The Second People's Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou, Guangdong, China. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. 4. The Third People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China. 5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, USA. 6. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, China. 7. Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. 8. Brain Function and Psychosomatic Medicine Institute, The Second People's Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: dengwf6@outlook.com. 9. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: linhualiang@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the association between ambient temperature and cause-specific mental disorders, especially in subtropical areas. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ambient temperature on mental disorders in subtropical cities. METHOD: Daily morbidity data for mental disorders in three Chinese cities (Shenzhen, Zhaoqing, and Huizhou) were collected from medical record systems of local psychiatric specialist hospitals, covering patients of all ages. Case-crossover design combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to assess the nonlinear and delayed effects of temperatures on five specific mental disorders (affective disorders, anxiety, depressive disorders, schizophrenia, and organic mental disorders), with analyses stratified by gender and age. The temperature of minimum effect was used as the reference value to calculate estimates. RESULTS: We observed inversed J-shaped exposure-response curves between temperature and mental morbidity and observed that low temperatures had a significant and prolonged effect on most types of mental disorders in the three cities. For example, the effect of the cold (2.5th percentile) on anxiety was consistently observed in the three cities with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.06-1.57) in Zhaoqing, 1.26 (95% CI: 1.18-1.34) in Shenzhen, and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.17-1.81) in Huizhou. Low temperature was also associated with an increased risk of depressive disorders and schizophrenia. For the high temperature exposure (97.5th percentile), we only observed a significant, harmful effect on anxiety [OR = 1.30 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.58) in Shenzhen, OR = 1.16 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.34) in Zhaoqing], affective disorders [OR = 1.32 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.62) in Shenzhen], and schizophrenia [OR = 1.24 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.48) in Zhaoqing, OR = 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.06) in Huizhou]. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that both low and high temperatures might be important drivers of morbidity from mental disorders, and low temperature may have a more general and wide-spread effect on this cause-specific morbidity than high temperature.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the association between ambient temperature and cause-specific mental disorders, especially in subtropical areas. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ambient temperature on mental disorders in subtropical cities. METHOD: Daily morbidity data for mental disorders in three Chinese cities (Shenzhen, Zhaoqing, and Huizhou) were collected from medical record systems of local psychiatric specialist hospitals, covering patients of all ages. Case-crossover design combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to assess the nonlinear and delayed effects of temperatures on five specific mental disorders (affective disorders, anxiety, depressive disorders, schizophrenia, and organic mental disorders), with analyses stratified by gender and age. The temperature of minimum effect was used as the reference value to calculate estimates. RESULTS: We observed inversed J-shaped exposure-response curves between temperature and mental morbidity and observed that low temperatures had a significant and prolonged effect on most types of mental disorders in the three cities. For example, the effect of the cold (2.5th percentile) on anxiety was consistently observed in the three cities with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.06-1.57) in Zhaoqing, 1.26 (95% CI: 1.18-1.34) in Shenzhen, and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.17-1.81) in Huizhou. Low temperature was also associated with an increased risk of depressive disorders and schizophrenia. For the high temperature exposure (97.5th percentile), we only observed a significant, harmful effect on anxiety [OR = 1.30 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.58) in Shenzhen, OR = 1.16 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.34) in Zhaoqing], affective disorders [OR = 1.32 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.62) in Shenzhen], and schizophrenia [OR = 1.24 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.48) in Zhaoqing, OR = 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.06) in Huizhou]. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that both low and high temperatures might be important drivers of morbidity from mental disorders, and low temperature may have a more general and wide-spread effect on this cause-specific morbidity than high temperature.
Authors: Huan Li; Min Li; Shiyu Zhang; Zhengmin Min Qian; Zilong Zhang; Kai Zhang; Chongjian Wang; Lauren D Arnold; Stephen Edward McMillin; Shaowei Wu; Fei Tian; Hualiang Lin Journal: Sci Total Environ Date: 2022-01-04 Impact factor: 7.963