Stéphane Kremer1, François Lersy2, Mathieu Anheim2, Hamid Merdji2, Maleka Schenck2, Hélène Oesterlé2, Federico Bolognini2, Julien Messie2, Antoine Khalil2, Augustin Gaudemer2, Sophie Carré2, Manel Alleg2, Claire Lecocq2, Emmanuelle Schmitt2, René Anxionnat2, François Zhu2, Lavinia Jager2, Patrick Nesser2, Yannick Talla Mba2, Ghazi Hmeydia2, Joseph Benzakoun2, Catherine Oppenheim2, Jean-Christophe Ferré2, Adel Maamar2, Béatrice Carsin-Nicol2, Pierre-Olivier Comby2, Frédéric Ricolfi2, Pierre Thouant2, Claire Boutet2, Xavier Fabre2, Géraud Forestier2, Isaure de Beaurepaire2, Grégoire Bornet2, Hubert Desal2, Grégoire Boulouis2, Jérome Berge2, Apolline Kazémi2, Nadya Pyatigorskaya2, Augustin Lecler2, Suzana Saleme2, Myriam Edjlali-Goujon2, Basile Kerleroux2, Jean-Marc Constans2, Pierre-Emmanuel Zorn2, Muriel Mathieu2, Seyyid Baloglu2, François-Daniel Ardellier2, Thibault Willaume2, Jean-Christophe Brisset2, Sophie Caillard2, Olivier Collange2, Paul Michel Mertes2, Francis Schneider2, Samira Fafi-Kremer2, Mickael Ohana2, Ferhat Meziani2, Nicolas Meyer2, Julie Helms2, François Cotton2. 1. From the Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (S.K., F.L., S.B., F.-D.A., T.W.), Service d'imagerie 2, Hôpital de Hautepierre; Engineering Science, Computer Science and Imaging Laboratory (S.K., N.M.), UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg-CNRS; Service de Neurologie (M. Anheim), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (M. Anheim), INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (M. Anheim), Université de Strasbourg; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg (H.M., F.M., J.H.), Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil; INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research) (H.M., F.M.), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg; Médecine Intensive-Réanimation (M.S., F.S.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Service de Neuroradiologie (H.O., F.B., J.M.), Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar; Service d'Imagerie (A. Khalil, A.G.), Unité de Neuroradiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard; Université Paris Diderot (A. Khalil), Paris; Service de Neurologie (S. Carré, C.L.), Centre Hospitalier de Haguenau; Service de Radiologie (M. Alleg), Centre Hospitalier de Haguenau; Service de Neuroradiologie, (E.S., R.A., F.Z.) Hôpital Central, CHU de Nancy; CHIC Unisanté (L.J., P.N., Y.T.M.), Hôpital Marie Madeleine, Forbach; Neuroimaging Department (G.H., J. Benzakoun, C.O., G. Boulouis, M.E.-G., B.K.), GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Université de Paris, INSERM U1266, F-75014; CHU Rennes (J.-C.F., B.C.-N.), Department of Neuroradiology; CHU Rennes (A.M.), Medical Intensive Care Unit; Department of Neuroradiology (P.-O.C., F.R., P.T.), University Hospital of Dijon, Hôpital François Mitterrand; Service de Radiologie (C.B.), CHU de Saint-Etienne; Service de Réanimation (X.F.), CH de Roanne; Service de Neuroradiologie (G.F., S.S.), CHU de Limoges; Radiology Department (I.d.B., G. Bornet), Hôpital Privé d'Antony; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (H.D.), University Hospital, Nantes; Neuroradiology Department (J. Berge), CHU de Bordeaux; Service de Neuroradiologie (A. Kazémi), CHU de Lille; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (N.P.), Service de Neuroradiologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière; Sorbonne Université (N.P.), Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013; Service de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique (A.L.), Foundation A. Rothschild Hospital, Paris; EA CHIMERE 7516 (J.-M.C.), Université de Picardie Jules Verne; Service de NeuroRadiologie, pôle Imagerie Médicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Amiens; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (P.-E.Z., M.M.), UCIEC, Pôle d'Imagerie, Strasbourg; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (J.-C.B.), Lyon; Nephrology and Transplantation Department (S. Caillard), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Inserm UMR S1109 (S. Caillard), LabEx Transplantex, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (O.C., P.M.M.), Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (S.F.-K.), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale; Radiology Department (M.O.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg University Hospital; CHU de Strasbourg (N.M.), Service de Santé Publique, GMRC, F-67091 Strasbourg; Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire (S.F.-K., J.H.), INSERM UMR_S1109, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg; MRI Center (F.C.), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon; and Université Lyon 1 (F.C.), CREATIS-LRMN, CNRS/UMR/5220-INSERM U630, Villeurbanne, France. stephane.kremer@chru-strasbourg.fr. 2. From the Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (S.K., F.L., S.B., F.-D.A., T.W.), Service d'imagerie 2, Hôpital de Hautepierre; Engineering Science, Computer Science and Imaging Laboratory (S.K., N.M.), UMR 7357, University of Strasbourg-CNRS; Service de Neurologie (M. Anheim), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (M. Anheim), INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (M. Anheim), Université de Strasbourg; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg (H.M., F.M., J.H.), Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil; INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research) (H.M., F.M.), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg; Médecine Intensive-Réanimation (M.S., F.S.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Service de Neuroradiologie (H.O., F.B., J.M.), Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar; Service d'Imagerie (A. Khalil, A.G.), Unité de Neuroradiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard; Université Paris Diderot (A. Khalil), Paris; Service de Neurologie (S. Carré, C.L.), Centre Hospitalier de Haguenau; Service de Radiologie (M. Alleg), Centre Hospitalier de Haguenau; Service de Neuroradiologie, (E.S., R.A., F.Z.) Hôpital Central, CHU de Nancy; CHIC Unisanté (L.J., P.N., Y.T.M.), Hôpital Marie Madeleine, Forbach; Neuroimaging Department (G.H., J. Benzakoun, C.O., G. Boulouis, M.E.-G., B.K.), GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Université de Paris, INSERM U1266, F-75014; CHU Rennes (J.-C.F., B.C.-N.), Department of Neuroradiology; CHU Rennes (A.M.), Medical Intensive Care Unit; Department of Neuroradiology (P.-O.C., F.R., P.T.), University Hospital of Dijon, Hôpital François Mitterrand; Service de Radiologie (C.B.), CHU de Saint-Etienne; Service de Réanimation (X.F.), CH de Roanne; Service de Neuroradiologie (G.F., S.S.), CHU de Limoges; Radiology Department (I.d.B., G. Bornet), Hôpital Privé d'Antony; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (H.D.), University Hospital, Nantes; Neuroradiology Department (J. Berge), CHU de Bordeaux; Service de Neuroradiologie (A. Kazémi), CHU de Lille; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (N.P.), Service de Neuroradiologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière; Sorbonne Université (N.P.), Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013; Service de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique (A.L.), Foundation A. Rothschild Hospital, Paris; EA CHIMERE 7516 (J.-M.C.), Université de Picardie Jules Verne; Service de NeuroRadiologie, pôle Imagerie Médicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Amiens; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (P.-E.Z., M.M.), UCIEC, Pôle d'Imagerie, Strasbourg; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (J.-C.B.), Lyon; Nephrology and Transplantation Department (S. Caillard), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Inserm UMR S1109 (S. Caillard), LabEx Transplantex, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (O.C., P.M.M.), Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Nouvel Hôpital Civil; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (S.F.-K.), Laboratoire de Virologie Médicale; Radiology Department (M.O.), Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg University Hospital; CHU de Strasbourg (N.M.), Service de Santé Publique, GMRC, F-67091 Strasbourg; Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire (S.F.-K., J.H.), INSERM UMR_S1109, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg; MRI Center (F.C.), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon; and Université Lyon 1 (F.C.), CREATIS-LRMN, CNRS/UMR/5220-INSERM U630, Villeurbanne, France.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe neuroimaging findings and to report the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with neurologic manifestations. METHODS: In this retrospective multicenter study (11 hospitals), we included 64 patients with confirmed COVID-19 with neurologic manifestations who underwent a brain MRI. RESULTS: The cohort included 43 men (67%) and 21 women (33%); their median age was 66 (range 20-92) years. Thirty-six (56%) brain MRIs were considered abnormal, possibly related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Ischemic strokes (27%), leptomeningeal enhancement (17%), and encephalitis (13%) were the most frequent neuroimaging findings. Confusion (53%) was the most common neurologic manifestation, followed by impaired consciousness (39%), presence of clinical signs of corticospinal tract involvement (31%), agitation (31%), and headache (16%). The profile of patients experiencing ischemic stroke was different from that of other patients with abnormal brain imaging: the former less frequently had acute respiratory distress syndrome (p = 0.006) and more frequently had corticospinal tract signs (p = 0.02). Patients with encephalitis were younger (p = 0.007), whereas agitation was more frequent for patients with leptomeningeal enhancement (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with COVID-19 may develop a wide range of neurologic symptoms, which can be associated with severe and fatal complications such as ischemic stroke or encephalitis. In terms of meningoencephalitis involvement, even if a direct effect of the virus cannot be excluded, the pathophysiology seems to involve an immune or inflammatory process given the presence of signs of inflammation in both CSF and neuroimaging but the lack of virus in CSF. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: NCT04368390.
OBJECTIVE: To describe neuroimaging findings and to report the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with neurologic manifestations. METHODS: In this retrospective multicenter study (11 hospitals), we included 64 patients with confirmed COVID-19 with neurologic manifestations who underwent a brain MRI. RESULTS: The cohort included 43 men (67%) and 21 women (33%); their median age was 66 (range 20-92) years. Thirty-six (56%) brain MRIs were considered abnormal, possibly related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Ischemic strokes (27%), leptomeningeal enhancement (17%), and encephalitis (13%) were the most frequent neuroimaging findings. Confusion (53%) was the most common neurologic manifestation, followed by impaired consciousness (39%), presence of clinical signs of corticospinal tract involvement (31%), agitation (31%), and headache (16%). The profile of patients experiencing ischemic stroke was different from that of other patients with abnormal brain imaging: the former less frequently had acute respiratory distress syndrome (p = 0.006) and more frequently had corticospinal tract signs (p = 0.02). Patients with encephalitis were younger (p = 0.007), whereas agitation was more frequent for patients with leptomeningeal enhancement (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS:Patients with COVID-19 may develop a wide range of neurologic symptoms, which can be associated with severe and fatal complications such as ischemic stroke or encephalitis. In terms of meningoencephalitis involvement, even if a direct effect of the virus cannot be excluded, the pathophysiology seems to involve an immune or inflammatory process given the presence of signs of inflammation in both CSF and neuroimaging but the lack of virus in CSF. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: NCT04368390.
Authors: Margarita V Revzin; Sarah Raza; Neil C Srivastava; Robin Warshawsky; Catherine D'Agostino; Ajay Malhotra; Anna S Bader; Ritesh D Patel; Kan Chen; Christopher Kyriakakos; John S Pellerito Journal: Radiographics Date: 2020 Nov-Dec Impact factor: 5.333
Authors: Ariane Lewis; Rajan Jain; Jennifer Frontera; Dimitris G Placantonakis; Steven Galetta; Laura Balcer; Kara R Melmed Journal: J Neuroimaging Date: 2021-06-08 Impact factor: 2.324
Authors: Kerstin Klaser; Ellen J Thompson; Long H Nguyen; Carole H Sudre; Michela Antonelli; Benjamin Murray; Liane S Canas; Erika Molteni; Mark S Graham; Eric Kerfoot; Liyuan Chen; Jie Deng; Anna May; Christina Hu; Andy Guest; Somesh Selvachandran; David A Drew; Marc Modat; Andrew T Chan; Jonathan Wolf; Tim D Spector; Alexander Hammers; Emma L Duncan; Sebastien Ourselin; Claire J Steves Journal: medRxiv Date: 2021-07-08