Takondwa Chimowa1, Stephen Hall2, Bernadette O'Hare3. 1. College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi. 2. Head of Division and Professor of Economics, the University of Leicester School of Economics, UK. 3. Senior Lecturer in Global Health and Child Health, The University of St Andrews, Scotland. Email: bamo@st-andrews.ac.uk.