Mu-Hong Chen1, Zih-Kai Kao2, Wan-Chen Chang2, Pei-Chi Tu3, Ju-Wei Hsu4, Kai-Lin Huang5, Tung-Ping Su6, Cheng-Ta Li1, Wei-Chen Lin1, Shih-Jen Tsai1, Ya-Mei Bai7. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. 2. Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: jwhsu@vghtpe.gov.tw. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. 6. Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, General Cheng Hsin Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 7. Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: ymbi@mail2000.com.tw.
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS: The association between systemic inflammation, executive dysfunction, and gray matter (GM) volume difference in first-episode affective disorders, including bipolar and major depressive disorders, is unclear. METHODS: Twenty-two patients with first-episode bipolar disorder, 22 age- and sex-matched patients with first-episode major depressive disorder, and 22 matched controls were enrolled in our study; all patients underwent comprehensive assessments, including clinical assessment, executive function examination (Wisconsin card sorting test [WCST]), proinflammatory cytokine receptors (soluble interleukin-6 receptor and tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 1 [TNFR1]), and brain magnetic resonance imaging. Voxel-based morphometry was performed to analyze the GM volume difference between bipolar and major depressive disorders. RESULTS: Patients with bipolar disorder were more likely to exhibit higher levels of TNFR1 (P = .038), more number of deficits in WCST (P < .05), and smaller GM volume in the middle frontal cortex (uncorrected voxel level P < .001) compared with those with major depressive disorder and healthy controls. Positive associations were observed between the middle frontal cortex volume, executive function, and the TNFR1 level. DISCUSSION: GM volume reduction in the middle frontal cortex, a greater level of systemic inflammation, and executive dysfunction were observed in first-episode affective disorders, especially bipolar disorder. A positive correlation between middle frontal cortex volume, executive function, and the TNFR1 level may indicate a divergent effect of brain and systemic inflammation functioning in the early phase (first episode) of affective disorder.
BACKGROUNDS: The association between systemic inflammation, executive dysfunction, and gray matter (GM) volume difference in first-episode affective disorders, including bipolar and major depressive disorders, is unclear. METHODS: Twenty-two patients with first-episode bipolar disorder, 22 age- and sex-matched patients with first-episode major depressive disorder, and 22 matched controls were enrolled in our study; all patients underwent comprehensive assessments, including clinical assessment, executive function examination (Wisconsin card sorting test [WCST]), proinflammatory cytokine receptors (soluble interleukin-6 receptor and tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 1 [TNFR1]), and brain magnetic resonance imaging. Voxel-based morphometry was performed to analyze the GM volume difference between bipolar and major depressive disorders. RESULTS:Patients with bipolar disorder were more likely to exhibit higher levels of TNFR1 (P = .038), more number of deficits in WCST (P < .05), and smaller GM volume in the middle frontal cortex (uncorrected voxel level P < .001) compared with those with major depressive disorder and healthy controls. Positive associations were observed between the middle frontal cortex volume, executive function, and the TNFR1 level. DISCUSSION: GM volume reduction in the middle frontal cortex, a greater level of systemic inflammation, and executive dysfunction were observed in first-episode affective disorders, especially bipolar disorder. A positive correlation between middle frontal cortex volume, executive function, and the TNFR1 level may indicate a divergent effect of brain and systemic inflammation functioning in the early phase (first episode) of affective disorder.
Authors: Ruth H Asch; Sophie E Holmes; Ania M Jastreboff; Marc N Potenza; Stephen R Baldassarri; Richard E Carson; Robert H Pietrzak; Irina Esterlis Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2021-07-22 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Natalie M Zahr; Kilian M Pohl; Allison J Kwong; Edith V Sullivan; Adolf Pfefferbaum Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2021-05-07 Impact factor: 6.208