Balazs Feher1,2, Reinhard Gruber3,4, Andre Gahleitner5, Ales Celar6, Philipp Luciano Necsea7, Christian Ulm2, Ulrike Kuchler2. 1. Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria. 2. Department of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 3. Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria. reinhard.gruber@meduniwien.ac.at. 4. Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. reinhard.gruber@meduniwien.ac.at. 5. Department of Radiology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 6. Department of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 7. Department of Dental Training, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Completion of adolescent growth represents the earliest time point for implant placement, yet craniofacial growth persists into adulthood and may affect implant position. We aimed to assess whether implants placed in the anterior maxillae of adults show angular changes over time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a cephalometric pilot study in postpubertal patients with no growth disorders, skeletal malformations, or parafunctions. The patients received a single implant in the anterior maxilla and no orthodontic or orthognathic treatment afterwards. We measured angular changes of implants and central incisors on cephalograms taken immediately and after at least 5 years postoperatively with the Sella-Nasion line (SNL) and the nasal line (NL) as references. Changes in implant-SNL angles were the primary outcome. RESULTS: In 21 patients (30.2 ± 11.5 years at surgery) after a mean follow-up of 8.6 ± 1.3 years, implant-SNL angles and implant-NL angles changed in 81% and 57% of implants, respectively. Implant-SNL changes ranged from 3° counterclockwise to 4° clockwise and were more prevalent in males (100% vs. 58%) and patients under 30 at surgery (85% vs. 63%); mean absolute differences were larger in males (1.8 ± 1.0° vs. 1.3 ± 1.4°) and patients under 30 at surgery (1.5 ± 1.4° vs. 1.1 ± 1.4°). Incisor-SNL angles and incisor-NL angles changed in 89% and 32% of incisors, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Implants placed in the anterior maxillae of adults show modest angular changes over time. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Changes in implant angles have potential functional and esthetic consequences.
OBJECTIVES: Completion of adolescent growth represents the earliest time point for implant placement, yet craniofacial growth persists into adulthood and may affect implant position. We aimed to assess whether implants placed in the anterior maxillae of adults show angular changes over time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a cephalometric pilot study in postpubertal patients with no growth disorders, skeletal malformations, or parafunctions. The patients received a single implant in the anterior maxilla and no orthodontic or orthognathic treatment afterwards. We measured angular changes of implants and central incisors on cephalograms taken immediately and after at least 5 years postoperatively with the Sella-Nasion line (SNL) and the nasal line (NL) as references. Changes in implant-SNL angles were the primary outcome. RESULTS: In 21 patients (30.2 ± 11.5 years at surgery) after a mean follow-up of 8.6 ± 1.3 years, implant-SNL angles and implant-NL angles changed in 81% and 57% of implants, respectively. Implant-SNL changes ranged from 3° counterclockwise to 4° clockwise and were more prevalent in males (100% vs. 58%) and patients under 30 at surgery (85% vs. 63%); mean absolute differences were larger in males (1.8 ± 1.0° vs. 1.3 ± 1.4°) and patients under 30 at surgery (1.5 ± 1.4° vs. 1.1 ± 1.4°). Incisor-SNL angles and incisor-NL angles changed in 89% and 32% of incisors, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Implants placed in the anterior maxillae of adults show modest angular changes over time. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Changes in implant angles have potential functional and esthetic consequences.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cephalometry; Growth; Implant; Pilot study
Authors: Danny G Op Heij; Heidi Opdebeeck; Daniel van Steenberghe; Vincent G Kokich; Urs Belser; Marc Quirynen Journal: Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants Date: 2006 Nov-Dec Impact factor: 2.804