MacKinsey A Bach1,2, Maureen Samms-Vaughan3, Manouchehr Hessabi2, Jan Bressler1,4, MinJae Lee5,6, Jing Zhang2,7, Sydonnie Shakespeare-Pellington3, Megan L Grove1,4, Katherine A Loveland8, Mohammad H Rahbar1,2,9. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. 2. Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. 3. Department of Child & Adolescent Health, The University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica. 4. Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. 5. Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA. 6. Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA. 7. Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. 8. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77054, USA. 9. Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides are suspected to play a role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). OBJECTIVES: To investigate associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD in Jamaican children and explore possible interaction between PCBs or OC pesticides with glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1) in relation to ASD. METHODS: Participants included n=169 age- and sex-matched case-control pairs of Jamaican children 2-8 years old. Socioeconomic status and food frequency data were self-reported by the parents/guardians. Blood from each participant was analyzed for 100 PCB congeners and 17 OC pesticides and genotyped for three GST genes. PCBs and OC pesticides concentrations below the limit of detection (LoD) were replaced with (LoD/√2). We used conditional logistic regression (CLR) models to assess associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD, individually or interactively with GST genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1). RESULTS: We found inverse associations of PCB-153 [adjusted MOR (95% CI) = 0.44 (0.23-0.86)] and PCB-180 [adjusted MOR (95% CI) = 0.52 (0.28-0.95)] with ASD. When adjusted for covariates in a CLR the interaction between GSTM1 and PCB-153 became significant (P < 0.01). DISCUSSION: Differences in diet between ASD and typically developing control groups may play a role in the observed findings of lower concentrations of PCB-153 and PCB-180 in individuals with ASD than in controls. Considering the limited sample size and high proportion of concentrations below the LoD, these results should be interpreted with caution but warrant further investigation into associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD.
BACKGROUND: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides are suspected to play a role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). OBJECTIVES: To investigate associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD in Jamaican children and explore possible interaction between PCBs or OC pesticides with glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1) in relation to ASD. METHODS: Participants included n=169 age- and sex-matched case-control pairs of Jamaican children 2-8 years old. Socioeconomic status and food frequency data were self-reported by the parents/guardians. Blood from each participant was analyzed for 100 PCB congeners and 17 OC pesticides and genotyped for three GST genes. PCBs and OC pesticides concentrations below the limit of detection (LoD) were replaced with (LoD/√2). We used conditional logistic regression (CLR) models to assess associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD, individually or interactively with GST genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1). RESULTS: We found inverse associations of PCB-153 [adjusted MOR (95% CI) = 0.44 (0.23-0.86)] and PCB-180 [adjusted MOR (95% CI) = 0.52 (0.28-0.95)] with ASD. When adjusted for covariates in a CLR the interaction between GSTM1 and PCB-153 became significant (P < 0.01). DISCUSSION: Differences in diet between ASD and typically developing control groups may play a role in the observed findings of lower concentrations of PCB-153 and PCB-180 in individuals with ASD than in controls. Considering the limited sample size and high proportion of concentrations below the LoD, these results should be interpreted with caution but warrant further investigation into associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD.
Authors: Peter Penzes; Michael E Cahill; Kelly A Jones; Jon-Eric VanLeeuwen; Kevin M Woolfrey Journal: Nat Neurosci Date: 2011-03 Impact factor: 24.884
Authors: Michela Traglia; Lisa A Croen; Kristen Lyall; Gayle C Windham; Marty Kharrazi; Gerald N DeLorenze; Anthony R Torres; Lauren A Weiss Journal: G3 (Bethesda) Date: 2017-04-03 Impact factor: 3.154
Authors: Jon Baio; Lisa Wiggins; Deborah L Christensen; Matthew J Maenner; Julie Daniels; Zachary Warren; Margaret Kurzius-Spencer; Walter Zahorodny; Cordelia Robinson Rosenberg; Tiffany White; Maureen S Durkin; Pamela Imm; Loizos Nikolaou; Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp; Li-Ching Lee; Rebecca Harrington; Maya Lopez; Robert T Fitzgerald; Amy Hewitt; Sydney Pettygrove; John N Constantino; Alison Vehorn; Josephine Shenouda; Jennifer Hall-Lande; Kim Van Naarden Braun; Nicole F Dowling Journal: MMWR Surveill Summ Date: 2018-04-27
Authors: Mohammad H Rahbar; Maureen Samms-Vaughan; Manouchehr Hessabi; Jan Bressler; Shezeen Gillani; Megan L Grove; Sydonnie Shakspeare-Pellington; Katherine A Loveland Journal: J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng Date: 2021-09-20
Authors: João Xavier Santos; Célia Rasga; Ana Rita Marques; Hugo Martiniano; Muhammad Asif; Joana Vilela; Guiomar Oliveira; Lisete Sousa; Ana Nunes; Astrid M Vicente Journal: Front Neurosci Date: 2022-05-19 Impact factor: 5.152