Fabiola Zambrano1,2, Mabel Schulz1,2, Adrian Pilatz3, Florian Wagenlehner3, Hans-Christian Schuppe3, Ivan Conejeros4, Pamela Uribe1, Anja Taubert4, Raúl Sánchez5,6, Carlos Hermosilla4. 1. Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine and Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT - BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Alemania, 0458, Temuco, Chile. 2. Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. 3. Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany. 4. Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany. 5. Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine and Molecular Endocrinology, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEMT - BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Alemania, 0458, Temuco, Chile. raul.sanchez@ufrontera.cl. 6. Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. raul.sanchez@ufrontera.cl.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To study the effector mechanism against pathogens of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and macrophages, called ETosis, involving the release of extracellular traps (ETs) in patients with acute epididymitis. To assess the different ET phenotypes present in semen samples and to identify correlations between ETosis and clinical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples from patients diagnosed with acute epididymitis were examined and compared with samples from uninfected controls. Biochemical analyses of seminal fluid included determination of peroxidase, α-glucosidase, fructose, and elastase levels. ETosis in semen was determined through presence of citrullinated histones, global histones, and extracellular DNA. Different ETosis phenotypes such as spread ETs, aggregated ETs, and diffuse ETs were identified by co-localisation of extruded DNA with myeloperoxidase and global histones. Anti-CD15+ and anti-CD68+ antibodies were used to identify different cell lines. RESULTS: Revealed a high number of ETs compared with the control group. The mean number of CD15+PMN and CD68+ macrophages was higher in the acute epididymitis group. ETosis increase in ejaculates correlated with clinical parameters such as enhancement of elastase concentrations and diminution of fructose in the semen. CONCLUSIONS: This work shows for the first time the presence of ETs and their components in semen from patients with acute epididymitis. The presence of infections is an important factor for induction of ETs in semen. Furthermore, the presence of ETosis in ejaculates is suggestive of developing infectious processes and might possibly have a diagnostic value.
PURPOSE: To study the effector mechanism against pathogens of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and macrophages, called ETosis, involving the release of extracellular traps (ETs) in patients with acute epididymitis. To assess the different ET phenotypes present in semen samples and to identify correlations between ETosis and clinical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples from patients diagnosed with acute epididymitis were examined and compared with samples from uninfected controls. Biochemical analyses of seminal fluid included determination of peroxidase, α-glucosidase, fructose, and elastase levels. ETosis in semen was determined through presence of citrullinated histones, global histones, and extracellular DNA. Different ETosis phenotypes such as spread ETs, aggregated ETs, and diffuse ETs were identified by co-localisation of extruded DNA with myeloperoxidase and global histones. Anti-CD15+ and anti-CD68+ antibodies were used to identify different cell lines. RESULTS: Revealed a high number of ETs compared with the control group. The mean number of CD15+PMN and CD68+ macrophages was higher in the acute epididymitis group. ETosis increase in ejaculates correlated with clinical parameters such as enhancement of elastase concentrations and diminution of fructose in the semen. CONCLUSIONS: This work shows for the first time the presence of ETs and their components in semen from patients with acute epididymitis. The presence of infections is an important factor for induction of ETs in semen. Furthermore, the presence of ETosis in ejaculates is suggestive of developing infectious processes and might possibly have a diagnostic value.
Authors: David Easterhoff; Fernando Ontiveros; Lauren R Brooks; Yoel Kim; Brittany Ross; Jharon N Silva; Joanna S Olsen; Changyong Feng; Dwight J Hardy; Paul M Dunman; Stephen Dewhurst Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2013-03-18 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Eva Tvrdá; Miroslava Kačániová; Andrej Baláži; Jaromír Vašíček; Jakub Vozaf; Rastislav Jurčík; Michal Ďuračka; Jana Žiarovská; Ján Kováč; Peter Chrenek Journal: Animals (Basel) Date: 2021-12-28 Impact factor: 2.752
Authors: Pablo Alarcon; Gabriel Espinosa; Catalina Millan; Julia Saravia; Vania Quinteros; Ricardo Enriquez; Claudio Henriquez; Luis Vargas-Chacoff; Rafael A Burgos; Anja Taubert; Carlos Hermosilla; Francisco J Morera Journal: Biology (Basel) Date: 2021-03-09