Roberto Iacovelli1, Chiara Ciccarese2, Orazio Caffo3, Ugo De Giorgi4, Marcello Tucci5, Claudia Mosillo6, Davide Bimbatti7, Francesco Pierantoni7, Francesca Maines3, Chiara Casadei4, Consuelo Buttigliero8, Michele Milella9, Giampaolo Tortora2. 1. Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. roberto.iacovelli@policlinicogemelli.it. 2. Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. 3. Department of Medical Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, 38112, Trento, Italy. 4. Department of Medical Oncology, Scientific Institute Romagnolo for the Study and Treatment of Cancer (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy. 5. SC Oncologia, Ospedale Cardinal Massaia, Asti, Italy. 6. Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, Terni, Italy. 7. Medical Oncology Unit 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padua, Italy. 8. Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Turin, Italy. 9. Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata (AOUI), Verona, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cancer-related pain, usually associated with bone metastases, is a frequent and debilitating morbidity in patients with prostate cancer. To date there are only limited data regarding the prognostic role of pain in men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). The objective of our analysis was to assess if the presence of pain can be considered an independent prognostic factor in mCSPC patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with mCSPC referring to six oncology centers in Italy. Clinical and pathological features were recorded. Patients were considered to have pain if this was reported within the patient's file or in case of a chronic analgesic therapy was found among the concomitant medications. Survivals were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and compared across groups using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazard models, stratified according to the baseline characteristics, were used to estimate hazard ratios for overall survival (OS). All the variables were significant if p < 0.05. RESULTS: Data about pain were available for 365 cases and pain was present in 34.8% of patients. Pain was mainly associated with high value of prostate-specific antigen, metastatic bone extension regardless of the site, and lymph node involvement. mCSPC patients with pain had in most of the cases high-volume or Hr disease, and significant shorter OS (27.0 vs. 58.2 months, p < 0.001) and PFS (10.1 vs. 17.4 months, p < 0.001) compared to those without pain. The negative impact of pain on OS remained significant even if adjusted for CHAARTED or LATITUDE classification, and other significant baseline prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis supports the poor prognostic role of cancer-related pain in the setting of mCSPC patients. A prospective validation is required.
BACKGROUND:Cancer-related pain, usually associated with bone metastases, is a frequent and debilitating morbidity in patients with prostate cancer. To date there are only limited data regarding the prognostic role of pain in men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). The objective of our analysis was to assess if the presence of pain can be considered an independent prognostic factor in mCSPC patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with mCSPC referring to six oncology centers in Italy. Clinical and pathological features were recorded. Patients were considered to have pain if this was reported within the patient's file or in case of a chronic analgesic therapy was found among the concomitant medications. Survivals were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and compared across groups using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazard models, stratified according to the baseline characteristics, were used to estimate hazard ratios for overall survival (OS). All the variables were significant if p < 0.05. RESULTS: Data about pain were available for 365 cases and pain was present in 34.8% of patients. Pain was mainly associated with high value of prostate-specific antigen, metastatic bone extension regardless of the site, and lymph node involvement. mCSPC patients with pain had in most of the cases high-volume or Hr disease, and significant shorter OS (27.0 vs. 58.2 months, p < 0.001) and PFS (10.1 vs. 17.4 months, p < 0.001) compared to those without pain. The negative impact of pain on OS remained significant even if adjusted for CHAARTED or LATITUDE classification, and other significant baseline prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis supports the poor prognostic role of cancer-related pain in the setting of mCSPC patients. A prospective validation is required.