Alexander C Razavi1,2, Lydia A Bazzano1,2, Jiang He1,2, Seamus P Whelton3, Casey M Rebholz4, Camilo Fernandez1,2, Marie Krousel-Wood1,2, Changwei Li1, Mengyao Shi1, Jovia L Nierenberg1, Shengxu Li5, Jason Kinchen6, Xuenan Mi1, Tanika N Kelly1. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. 2. Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine. 3. The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 4. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. 5. Children's Minnesota Research Institute, Children's Hospitals & Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 6. Metabolon Inc., Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Dietary factors mediate racial disparities in hypertension. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying this relationship are incompletely understood. We sought to assess the association between 1-methylhistidine (1-MH), a metabolite marker of animal protein consumption, and blood pressure (BP) in a community-based cohort of black and white middle-aged adults. METHODS: This analysis consisted of 655 participants of the Bogalusa Heart Study (25% black, 61% women, aged 34-58 years) who were not taking antihypertensive medication. Fasting serum 1-MH was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. Animal food intakes were quantified by food-frequency questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression assessed the association between 1-MH and BP in combined and race-stratified analyses, adjusting for demographic, dietary, and cardiometabolic factors. RESULTS: A significant dose--response relationship was observed for the association of red meat (P-trend <0.01) and poultry (P-trend = 0.03) intake with serum 1-MH among all individuals. Serum 1-MH, per standard deviation increase, had a significant positive association with SBP (β=3.4 ± 1.6 mmHg, P = 0.04) and DBP (β=2.0 ± 1.1 mmHg, P = 0.05) in black participants, whereas no appreciable association was observed in white participants. Among a subgroup of black participants with repeat outcome measures (median follow-up = 3.0 years), one standard deviation increase in 1-MH conferred a 3.1 and 2.2 mmHg higher annual increase in SBP (P = 0.03) and DBP (P = 0.03), respectively. CONCLUSION: Serum 1-MH associates with higher SBP and DBP in blacks, but not whites. These results suggest a utility for further assessing the role of dietary 1-MH among individuals with hypertension to help minimize racial disparities in cardiovascular health.
OBJECTIVE: Dietary factors mediate racial disparities in hypertension. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying this relationship are incompletely understood. We sought to assess the association between 1-methylhistidine (1-MH), a metabolite marker of animal protein consumption, and blood pressure (BP) in a community-based cohort of black and white middle-aged adults. METHODS: This analysis consisted of 655 participants of the Bogalusa Heart Study (25% black, 61% women, aged 34-58 years) who were not taking antihypertensive medication. Fasting serum 1-MH was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. Animal food intakes were quantified by food-frequency questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression assessed the association between 1-MH and BP in combined and race-stratified analyses, adjusting for demographic, dietary, and cardiometabolic factors. RESULTS: A significant dose--response relationship was observed for the association of red meat (P-trend <0.01) and poultry (P-trend = 0.03) intake with serum 1-MH among all individuals. Serum 1-MH, per standard deviation increase, had a significant positive association with SBP (β=3.4 ± 1.6 mmHg, P = 0.04) and DBP (β=2.0 ± 1.1 mmHg, P = 0.05) in black participants, whereas no appreciable association was observed in white participants. Among a subgroup of black participants with repeat outcome measures (median follow-up = 3.0 years), one standard deviation increase in 1-MH conferred a 3.1 and 2.2 mmHg higher annual increase in SBP (P = 0.03) and DBP (P = 0.03), respectively. CONCLUSION: Serum 1-MH associates with higher SBP and DBP in blacks, but not whites. These results suggest a utility for further assessing the role of dietary 1-MH among individuals with hypertension to help minimize racial disparities in cardiovascular health.
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