Gareth Mitchell Forster1, Shailesh Bihari2, Ravindranath Tiruvoipati3, Michael Bailey4, David Pilcher5. 1. Flinders Medical Centre, 14351, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia. 2. Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia; biharishailesh@gmail.com. 3. Monash University, 2541, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, , Clayton, Victoria, Australia. 4. Monash University, 2541, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. 5. The Alfred Hospital, The Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract
RATIONALE: ICU discharge delay occurs when a patient is considered ready to be discharged but remains in the ICU. The effect of discharge delay on patient outcomes is uncertain. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between discharge delay and patient outcomes including hospital mortality, readmission to ICU and length of hospital stay after ICU discharge. METHODS: Data were accessed from the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database between 2011-2019. Descriptive analyses and hierarchical logistic and Cox Proportional Hazards regression were used to examine association between discharge delay and adjusted outcomes. Patients were stratified and analysed by categories of mortality risk at ICU admission. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The study included 1,014,540 patients from 190 ICUs. 756,131 (75%) were discharged within 6 hours of being deemed ready, with 137,042 (13%) discharged in the next 6 hours. 17,656 (2%) were delayed 48-72 hours. 31,389 (3.1%) died in hospital and 45,899 (4.5%) patients were readmitted to ICU. Risk adjusted mortality declined with increasing discharge delay and was lowest at 48-72 hours (adjusted OR 0.87,95%CI 0.79-0.94). The effect was seen in patients with predicted risk of death on admission to ICU of greater than 5% (adjusted OR 0.77,95%CI 0.70-0.84). There was a progressive reduction in adjusted odds of readmission with increasing discharge delay. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing discharge delay in ICU is associated with reduced likelihood of mortality and ICU readmission in high risk patients. Consideration should be given to delay the discharge of patients with high risk of death on ICU admission.
RATIONALE: ICU discharge delay occurs when a patient is considered ready to be discharged but remains in the ICU. The effect of discharge delay on patient outcomes is uncertain. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between discharge delay and patient outcomes including hospital mortality, readmission to ICU and length of hospital stay after ICU discharge. METHODS: Data were accessed from the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database between 2011-2019. Descriptive analyses and hierarchical logistic and Cox Proportional Hazards regression were used to examine association between discharge delay and adjusted outcomes. Patients were stratified and analysed by categories of mortality risk at ICU admission. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The study included 1,014,540 patients from 190 ICUs. 756,131 (75%) were discharged within 6 hours of being deemed ready, with 137,042 (13%) discharged in the next 6 hours. 17,656 (2%) were delayed 48-72 hours. 31,389 (3.1%) died in hospital and 45,899 (4.5%) patients were readmitted to ICU. Risk adjusted mortality declined with increasing discharge delay and was lowest at 48-72 hours (adjusted OR 0.87,95%CI 0.79-0.94). The effect was seen in patients with predicted risk of death on admission to ICU of greater than 5% (adjusted OR 0.77,95%CI 0.70-0.84). There was a progressive reduction in adjusted odds of readmission with increasing discharge delay. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing discharge delay in ICU is associated with reduced likelihood of mortality and ICU readmission in high risk patients. Consideration should be given to delay the discharge of patients with high risk of death on ICU admission.
Entities:
Keywords:
Discharge delay; Exit block; Hospital mortality; ICU readmission rate; Time of ICU discharge
Authors: Robinder G Khemani; Jessica T Lee; David Wu; Edward J Schenck; Margaret M Hayes; Patricia A Kritek; Gökhan M Mutlu; Hayley B Gershengorn; Rémi Coudroy Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2021-05-01 Impact factor: 21.405