Izolde Bouloukaki1,2, Ioanna Tsiligianni3, Charalampos Mermigkis4, Marisa R Bonsignore5, Manolis Markakis6, Athanasia Pataka7, Paschalis Steiropoulos8, Christina Ermidou4, Ioanna Alexaki4, Nikolaos Tzanakis4, Sophia Schiza4. 1. Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. izolthi@gmail.com. 2. Primary Care Health Center of Kastelli, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. izolthi@gmail.com. 3. Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece. 4. Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. 5. PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. 6. Primary Care Health Center of Kastelli, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. 7. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Failure Unit, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. 8. Sleep Unit, Department of Pneumonology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to assess vitamin D levels in a large cohort of OSA patients and to investigate possible correlations with clinical and polysomnographic parameters. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 685 consecutive patients underwent type 1 polysomnography (PSG) for OSA diagnosis. They were grouped according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as mild, moderate, and severe. Patients with AHI < 5 served as controls. Demographic, PSG data, and serum levels of vitamin D were measured and compared between groups. RESULTS: OSA was diagnosed in 617 of the patients (90%). Of those, 94 (15%) had mild OSA, 150 (24%) moderate OSA, and 373 (61%) severe OSA. The risk of vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) was observed in 38% of the cohort. OSA patients had lower vitamin D levels compared to controls (23 ng/mL vs 26 ng/mL, p = 0.006). The lowest levels of vitamin D [mean 21] (p < 0.001 among all groups) and the higher prevalence for vitamin D deficiency (45%) were observed in severe OSA patients. After multiparametric adjustments for age, gender, obesity, and comorbidities, severe OSA showed significant independent associations with the risk of vitamin D deficiency [OR (95% CI) 2.002 (1.049-3.819), p = 0.035]. CONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of patients referred for OSA evaluation had vitamin D deficiency, which was independently associated with severe OSA. However, further research is needed in order to determine the role of vitamin D in OSA patients.
PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to assess vitamin D levels in a large cohort of OSA patients and to investigate possible correlations with clinical and polysomnographic parameters. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 685 consecutive patients underwent type 1 polysomnography (PSG) for OSA diagnosis. They were grouped according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as mild, moderate, and severe. Patients with AHI < 5 served as controls. Demographic, PSG data, and serum levels of vitamin D were measured and compared between groups. RESULTS: OSA was diagnosed in 617 of the patients (90%). Of those, 94 (15%) had mild OSA, 150 (24%) moderate OSA, and 373 (61%) severe OSA. The risk of vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) was observed in 38% of the cohort. OSA patients had lower vitamin D levels compared to controls (23 ng/mL vs 26 ng/mL, p = 0.006). The lowest levels of vitamin D [mean 21] (p < 0.001 among all groups) and the higher prevalence for vitamin D deficiency (45%) were observed in severe OSA patients. After multiparametric adjustments for age, gender, obesity, and comorbidities, severe OSA showed significant independent associations with the risk of vitamin D deficiency [OR (95% CI) 2.002 (1.049-3.819), p = 0.035]. CONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of patients referred for OSA evaluation had vitamin D deficiency, which was independently associated with severe OSA. However, further research is needed in order to determine the role of vitamin D in OSA patients.
Entities:
Keywords:
Obstructive sleep apnea; Polysomnography; Vitamin D; Vitamin D deficiency
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