Pamela A Nono Nankam1,2, Amy E Mendham1,3, Paul J van Jaarsveld3,4, Kevin Adams1, Melony C Fortuin-de Smidt1, Louise Clamp1, Matthias Blüher2,5, Julia H Goedecke1,3. 1. Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 2. Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 3. Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. 4. Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa. 5. Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig-University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the changes in red blood cell total phospholipid (RBC-TPL) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) fatty acid (FA) composition in response to 12 weeks of exercise training in South African women with obesity and the associations with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS:Previously sedentary women were randomized into control (n = 15) or exercise (n = 20) groups. RBC-TPL and SAT FA profiles, SAT gene expression, systemic inflammatory markers, liver fat, and insulin sensitivity (SI ) were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Compared with control, exercise training induced decreases in RBC-TPL dihomo-γ-linolenic acid content and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and increased delta-5 desaturase-estimated activity (P < 0.05). In the combined group, these changes correlated with changes in circulating leptin and TNFα (P < 0.05), as well as lower liver fat (P < 0.01). Exercise training decreased saturated FA (lauric and myristic acids) and increased polyunsaturated FA (eicosadienoic and adrenic acids) (P < 0.05) in abdominal SAT, whereas γ-linolenic acid decreased (P < 0.01) in gluteal SAT. These changes in RBC-TPL and SAT FA compositions were not associated with changes in SAT gene expression and SI . CONCLUSIONS:Exercise training alters RBC-TPL desaturase activities, which correlate with lower liver fat and systemic inflammation but not with the improvement of SI .
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the changes in red blood cell total phospholipid (RBC-TPL) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) fatty acid (FA) composition in response to 12 weeks of exercise training in South African women with obesity and the associations with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS: Previously sedentary women were randomized into control (n = 15) or exercise (n = 20) groups. RBC-TPL and SAT FA profiles, SAT gene expression, systemic inflammatory markers, liver fat, and insulin sensitivity (SI ) were measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Compared with control, exercise training induced decreases in RBC-TPL dihomo-γ-linolenic acid content and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and increased delta-5 desaturase-estimated activity (P < 0.05). In the combined group, these changes correlated with changes in circulating leptin and TNFα (P < 0.05), as well as lower liver fat (P < 0.01). Exercise training decreased saturated FA (lauric and myristic acids) and increased polyunsaturated FA (eicosadienoic and adrenic acids) (P < 0.05) in abdominal SAT, whereas γ-linolenic acid decreased (P < 0.01) in gluteal SAT. These changes in RBC-TPL and SAT FA compositions were not associated with changes in SAT gene expression and SI . CONCLUSIONS: Exercise training alters RBC-TPL desaturase activities, which correlate with lower liver fat and systemic inflammation but not with the improvement of SI .
Authors: Rodolfo Vieyra-Alberto; Reyna Elizabeth Zetina-Martínez; Jaime Olivares-Pérez; Héctor Hugo Galicia-Aguilar; Saúl Rojas-Hernández; Juan Carlos Ángeles-Hernández Journal: Trop Anim Health Prod Date: 2022-01-13 Impact factor: 1.559
Authors: Tiffany Thomas; Francesca Cendali; Xiaoyun Fu; Fabia Gamboni; Evan J Morrison; Jonathan Beirne; Travis Nemkov; Marianna H Antonelou; Anastasios Kriebardis; Ian Welsby; Ariel Hay; Karolina H Dziewulska; Michael P Busch; Steven Kleinman; Paul W Buehler; Steven L Spitalnik; James C Zimring; Angelo D'Alessandro Journal: Transfusion Date: 2021-04-26 Impact factor: 3.337