Panagoula Pavlou1, Ioanna Antoniadou1, Asimina Peraki1, Andreas Vitsos1, Paraskevas Dallas1, Dimitrios Mostratos1, Georgios Deliconstantinos2, Georgios Papaioannou1, Sergei A Grando3, Michail Rallis4. 1. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece. 2. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Department of Experimental Physiology, Athens, Greece. 3. University of California, Health Gottschalk Medical Plaza, Institute for Immunology, Irvine, CA, U.S.A. 4. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece rallis@pharm.uoa.gr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: Cigarette smoke (CS) is a major environmental health threat. The oxidative stress induced by CS on keratinocytes and the possible protective effect of nicotine, its receptor inhibitors, and Pinus halepensis bark extract in relation to known antioxidants were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary mouse keratinocytes were exposed to cigarette smoke in the presence and absence of Pinus halepensis bark extract (1 μg/ml), rutin (50 μM) and ascorbic acid (250 μM), nicotine (1 μM) with or without mecamylamine (5 μM) and α-bungarotoxin (0.1 μM). Keratinocyte viability and oxidative stress were evaluated by MTT and fluorescence assays. RESULTS: Pinus halepensis bark extract decreased the oxidative stress and increased the viability of keratinocytes, and moreover, these effects were more pronounced compared to the mixture of rutin and L-ascorbic acid. Nicotine significantly enhanced the viability potentiation of the beneficial effect induced by Pinus halepensis bark extract. Mecamylamine and α-bungarotoxin showed no specific effect. CONCLUSION: Pinus halepensis bark extract in combination with nicotine may successfully reverse skin damage induced by cigarette smoke. Copyright
BACKGROUND/AIM: Cigarette smoke (CS) is a major environmental health threat. The oxidative stress induced by CS on keratinocytes and the possible protective effect of nicotine, its receptor inhibitors, and Pinus halepensis bark extract in relation to known antioxidants were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary mouse keratinocytes were exposed to cigarette smoke in the presence and absence of Pinus halepensis bark extract (1 μg/ml), rutin (50 μM) and ascorbic acid (250 μM), nicotine (1 μM) with or without mecamylamine (5 μM) and α-bungarotoxin (0.1 μM). Keratinocyte viability and oxidative stress were evaluated by MTT and fluorescence assays. RESULTS:Pinus halepensis bark extract decreased the oxidative stress and increased the viability of keratinocytes, and moreover, these effects were more pronounced compared to the mixture of rutin and L-ascorbic acid. Nicotine significantly enhanced the viability potentiation of the beneficial effect induced by Pinus halepensis bark extract. Mecamylamine and α-bungarotoxin showed no specific effect. CONCLUSION:Pinus halepensis bark extract in combination with nicotine may successfully reverse skin damage induced by cigarette smoke. Copyright
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