A Glycosylated Covalent Organic Framework Equipped with BODIPY and CaCO3 for Synergistic Tumor Therapy.

Ca2+ , a ubiquitous but nuanced modulator of cellular physiology, is meticulously controlled intracellularly. However, intracellular Ca2+ regulation, such as mitochondrial Ca2+ buffering capacity, can be disrupted by 1 O2 . Thus, the intracellular Ca2+ overload, which is recognized as one of the important cell pro-death factors, can be logically achieved by the synergism of 1 O2 with exogenous Ca2+ delivery. Reported herein is a nanoscale covalent organic framework (NCOF)-based nanoagent, namely CaCO3 @COF-BODIPY-2I@GAG (4), which is embedded with CaCO3 nanoparticle (NP) and surface-decorated with BODIPY-2I as photosensitizer (PS) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) targeting agent for CD44 receptors on digestive tract tumor cells. Under illumination, the light-triggered 1 O2 not only kills the tumor cells directly, but also leads to their mitochondrial dysfunction and Ca2+ overload. An enhanced antitumor efficiency is achieved via photodynamic therapy (PDT) and Ca2+ overload synergistic therapy.