Heidi M Soeters1, Sara E Oliver1, Ian D Plumb1, Amy E Blain1, Tammy Zulz2, Brenna C Simons2, Meghan Barnes3, Monica M Farley4, Lee H Harrison5, Ruth Lynfield6, Stephanie Massay7, Joseph McLaughlin7, Alison G Muse8, Susan Petit9, William Schaffner10, Ann Thomas11, Salina Torres12, James Watt13, Tracy Pondo1, Melissa J Whaley1, Fang Hu1, Xin Wang1, Elizabeth C Briere1, Michael G Bruce2. 1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA. 2. Arctic Investigations Program, CDC, Anchorage, Alaska, USA. 3. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA. 4. Emory University School of Medicine and The Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. 5. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 6. Minnesota Department of Health, St Paul, Minnesota, USA. 7. Alaska Division of Public Health, Anchorage, Alaska, USA. 8. New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA. 9. Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, Connecticut, USA. 10. Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 11. Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon, USA. 12. New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA. 13. California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) can cause invasive disease similar to serotype b; no Hia vaccine is available. We describe the epidemiology of invasive Hia disease in the United States overall and specifically in Alaska during 2008-2017. METHODS: Active population- and laboratory-based surveillance for invasive Hia disease was conducted through Active Bacterial Core surveillance sites and from Alaska statewide invasive bacterial disease surveillance. Sterile-site isolates were serotyped via slide agglutination or real-time polymerase chain reaction. Incidences in cases per 100 000 were calculated. RESULTS: From 2008 to 2017, an estimated average of 306 invasive Hia disease cases occurred annually in the United States (estimated annual incidence: 0.10); incidence increased by an average of 11.1% annually. Overall, 42.7% of cases were in children aged <5 years (incidence: 0.64), with highest incidence among children aged <1 year (1.60). Case fatality was 7.8% overall and was highest among adults aged ≥65 years (15.1%). Among children aged <5 years, the incidence was 17 times higher among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) children (8.29) than among children of all other races combined (0.49). In Alaska, incidences among all ages (0.68) and among children aged <1 year (24.73) were nearly 6 and 14 times higher, respectively, than corresponding US incidences. Case fatality in Alaska was 10.2%, and the vast majority (93.9%) of cases occurred among AI/AN. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of invasive Hia disease has increased since 2008, with the highest burden among AI/AN children. These data can inform prevention strategies, including Hia vaccine development. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2020.
BACKGROUND:Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) can cause invasive disease similar to serotype b; no Hia vaccine is available. We describe the epidemiology of invasive Hia disease in the United States overall and specifically in Alaska during 2008-2017. METHODS: Active population- and laboratory-based surveillance for invasive Hia disease was conducted through Active Bacterial Core surveillance sites and from Alaska statewide invasive bacterial disease surveillance. Sterile-site isolates were serotyped via slide agglutination or real-time polymerase chain reaction. Incidences in cases per 100 000 were calculated. RESULTS: From 2008 to 2017, an estimated average of 306 invasive Hia disease cases occurred annually in the United States (estimated annual incidence: 0.10); incidence increased by an average of 11.1% annually. Overall, 42.7% of cases were in children aged <5 years (incidence: 0.64), with highest incidence among children aged <1 year (1.60). Case fatality was 7.8% overall and was highest among adults aged ≥65 years (15.1%). Among children aged <5 years, the incidence was 17 times higher among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) children (8.29) than among children of all other races combined (0.49). In Alaska, incidences among all ages (0.68) and among children aged <1 year (24.73) were nearly 6 and 14 times higher, respectively, than corresponding US incidences. Case fatality in Alaska was 10.2%, and the vast majority (93.9%) of cases occurred among AI/AN. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of invasive Hia disease has increased since 2008, with the highest burden among AI/AN children. These data can inform prevention strategies, including Hia vaccine development. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2020.
Entities:
Keywords:
zzm321990 Haemophilus influenzaezzm321990 ; American Indian and Alaska Native; epidemiology; invasive disease; serotype a; surveillance
Authors: Gabrielle N Gaultier; Eli B Nix; Joelle Thorgrimson; Douglas Boreham; William McCready; Marina Ulanova Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-04-14 Impact factor: 3.752