Notes on the hosts of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from China.

BACKGROUND: Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) is a cosmopolitan genus of egg-parasitoid wasps associated with stink bugs (Pentatomidae, Scutelleridae, Urostylididae), many of which are important insect pests. Documentation of host associations for these wasps, which we here provide via museum specimens, can support their use as biological control agents of invasive stink bugs. NEW INFORMATION: The hosts of seven Trissolcus species are reported from China: Trissolcus cultratus (Mayr) (hosts: Hippotiscus dorsalis Stål, Pentatomidae; Urochela luteovaria Distant, Urostylididae), Trissolcus elasmuchae (Watanabe) (host: Niphe elongata (Dallas), Pentatomidae), Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (hosts: Erthesina fullo (Thunberg), Pentatomidae; Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Poda), Pentatomidae), Trissolcus latisulcus (Crawford) (host: Poecilocoris latus Dallas, Scutelleridae), Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead) (host: Pentatomidae), Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees von Esenbeck) (host: Eurydema sp., Scutelleridae), Trissolcus yamagishii Ryu (host: Niphe elongata (Dallas), Pentatomidae). Huayan Chen, Elijah J Talamas, Hong Pang.

Introduction

Species of are egg parasitoids of stink bugs, many of which are important agricultural pests. During the past decade, the Asian fauna of has received increased attention, driven largely by the search for biological control agents to manage two invasive stink bugs of global significance: (Stål) and (Burmeister) (). The research required to develop effective biological control programs against these pests is multifaceted and includes taxonomy, behavior, ecology, molecular diagnostics and assessments of host specificity for candidate biocontrol agents (Qiu et al. 2007, Yang et al. 2009, Matsuo et al. 2014, Talamas et al. 2017, Gariepy et al. 2018, Tortorici et al. 2019, Konopka et al. 2016, Santacruz et al. 2017, Zhang et al. 2017, Boyle et al. 2019). Host range testing can be accelerated if information about parasitoid-host interactions in the native range of a pest is already available. For example, if a stink bug is known to be attacked by very few parasitoid species, this provides a shortlist for additional testing. Similarly, if a parasitoid is known to attack many species in its native range, it is unlikely to be considered sufficiently specific to be introduced in the invaded range of the pest as a biocontrol agent.

Zhejiang Univerity in Hangzhou is a leading institution in building insect collections in China, with emphasis on parasitic (Chen et al. 2014). Importantly, many parasitoid wasps in this collection were reared from a variety of hosts, dating back to the 1930s and thus it contains a wealth of historical and biological information on parasitoid-host associations. However, many of these specimens, especially in the family , have not been identified to the species level. The current study focuses on the genus reared from field-collected eggs and is the first effort to fully investigate the parasitoid-host data of these invaluable specimens.

Materials and methods

This work is based on specimens deposited in the Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (ZJU). The label data of all specimens have been georeferenced and recorded in the Online database. Specimens were identified to species using the keys of Talamas et al. (2017) and Tortorici et al. (2019). Images and measurements were made using a Nikon SMZ25 microscope with a Nikon DS-Ri 2 digital camera system. Images were post-processed with Adobe Photoshop CS6 Extended.

Taxon treatments

(Mayr) 1879

5FBD9CA1-9B37-5719-8D5C-2B8ADBBEBDD7

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 878859-6; recordedBy: Qian Tan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Sichuan; county: Qionglai; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Sichuan, Qionglai County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; Record Level: language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816258-1; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816258-2; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-09; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816258-3; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-10; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816258-4; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816258-5; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-12; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816259-1; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-13; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816259-2; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-14; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816259-3; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-15; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816259-4; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-16; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816259-5; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-17; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816259-6; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-18; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816259-7; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-19; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816259-8; recordedBy: Min Huang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangsu; county: Rugao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangsu, Rugao, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-20; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 814227-1; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Guiyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Guizhou, Guiyang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/24/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 814227-2; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Guiyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Guizhou, Guiyang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/24/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 800089-1; recordedBy: Tifang Feng; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Qinghai; county: Minhe; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Qinghai, Minhe, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/25/1964; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 800089-2; recordedBy: Tifang Feng; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Qinghai; county: Minhe; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Qinghai, Minhe, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/25/1964; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853650-1; recordedBy: Maozhi Wang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; locality: Mount Mogan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Mount Mogan, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853650-2; recordedBy: Maozhi Wang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; locality: Mount Mogan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Mount Mogan, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853649; recordedBy: Maozhi Wang; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; locality: Mount Mogan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Mount Mogan, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740720-1; individualCount: 1; sex: male, egg mass; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shaanxi; county: Hanzhong; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Shaanxi, Hanzhong, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740720-2; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shaanxi; county: Hanzhong; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Shaanxi, Hanzhong, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740720-3; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shaanxi; county: Hanzhong; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Shaanxi, Hanzhong, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740720-4; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shaanxi; county: Hanzhong; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Shaanxi, Hanzhong, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Distribution

China (Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Taiwan); Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Japan, Poland, Russia, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom (Talamas et al. 2017).

Biology

Host associations. This species was reared from the eggs of Stål (), Distant () and some unidentified species of in China.

Notes

Images

Mayr 1879 (Fig. 1).

(Watanabe) 1954

1043381B-56A4-5565-86BA-9AACD94DB959

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5728.17-1; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 3; sex: 2 female, 1 male, egg mass; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 07/18/1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5728.17-2; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 3; sex: 2 female, 1 male, egg mass; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 07/18/1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5728.17-3; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 3; sex: 1 female，2 males; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 07/18/1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5728.17-4; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 3; sex: 3 females，egg mass; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 07/18/1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

China (Zhejiang, Taiwan); France, India, Japan, South Korea, Sweden, United Kingdom and Vietnam (Talamas et al. 2017).

Host associations. This species was reared from the eggs of (Dallas) () in China.

Images

(Fig. 2).

(Ashmead) 1904

7E3B9756-8217-5B45-B940-7446597153C6

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853338-1; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 08/14/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853338-2; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 08/14/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853338-3; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 08/14/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853338-4; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 08/14/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853338-5; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 08/14/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853338-6; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 08/14/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853338-7; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 08/14/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 853338-8; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 08/14/1985; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-1; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-2; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-3; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-4; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-5; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-6; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-7; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-8; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-9; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740411-10; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Wuwei; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Wuwei, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740412-1; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Linze; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Linze County, ex.from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-06; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740412-2; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Linze; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Linze County, ex.from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-06; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740412-3; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Linze; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Linze County, ex.from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-06; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740412-4; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Linze; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Linze County, ex.from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-06; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740412-5; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Linze; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Linze County, ex.from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-06; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740412-6; recordedBy: Gansu Agricultural University; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Gansu; county: Linze; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Gansu, Linze County, ex.from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974-06; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5727.1-1; recordedBy: Xuedi Li; individualCount: 3; sex: 2 female, 1 male, egg mass; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/24/1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5727.1-2; recordedBy: Xuedi Li; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/24/1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5727.1-3; recordedBy: Xuedi Li; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/24/1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5727.1-4; recordedBy: Xuedi Li; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/24/1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5727.1-5; recordedBy: Xuedi Li; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/24/1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 760779; recordedBy: Yizhen Luo; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shandong; county: Qingdao; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, Wangcheng District, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 12/22/1950; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 965035-1; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 2; sex: 1 female，1 male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Deqing; locationRemarks: label transliteration: “Zhejiang, Deqing County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/27/1995; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 965035-2; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 2; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Deqing; locationRemarks: label transliteration: “Zhejiang, Deqing County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/27/1995; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 965035-3; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 1; sex: female，egg mass; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Deqing; locationRemarks: label transliteration: “Zhejiang, Deqing County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/27/1995; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 965035-4; recordedBy: Junhua He; individualCount: 2; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; vernacularName: samurai wasp; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Deqing; locationRemarks: label transliteration: “Zhejiang, Deqing County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 05/27/1995; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

China (Gansu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Taiwan); Italy, Japan, Russia, South Korea, Switzerland and the United States (Talamas et al. 2017, Sabbatini Peverieri et al. 2018, Stahl et al. 2018).

Host associations. This species has previously been recorded emerging from the eggs of (Stål) in China (Yang et al. 2009). In this study, we found that this species has also been reared from the eggs of (Thunberg) (), (Poda) () and some other unidentified species of .

Ashmead 1904 (Fig. 3).

(Crawford) 1913

3480799C-6921-5F5B-B2E5-CECDBC2EF617

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-1; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-2; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-3; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-4; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-5; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-6; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-7; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-8; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-9; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-10; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-11; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-12; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-13; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-14; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-15; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-16; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-17; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 835240-18; recordedBy: Jiasheng Gan; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; county: Guangnan; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Yunnan, Guangnan County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1980-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

China (Yunnan, Taiwan); India, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam (Talamas et al. 2017).

Host associations. This species was reared from the eggs of Dallas () in China.

Gan 1982 reported an unidentified species of attacking the eggs of feeding on trees from Yunnan Province. We examined the specimens that formed the basis of his report and we now know the species is According to , could lay up to 700 eggs under laboratory conditions. There are 6–7 generations of per year in Guangnan County of Yunnan, with a generation time of 20–30 days and they overwinter as adults.

Crawford 1913 (*Fig. 4).

(Ashmead) 1904

813BD985-AD25-55BB-A6F0-39A60CCFADEF

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740644-1; recordedBy: Zhengxiang Ye; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangxi; county: Nanchang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangxi, Nanchang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740644-2; recordedBy: Zhengxiang Ye; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangxi; county: Nanchang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangxi, Nanchang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740644-3; recordedBy: Zhengxiang Ye; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangxi; county: Nanchang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangxi, Nanchang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740644-4; recordedBy: Zhengxiang Ye; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangxi; county: Nanchang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangxi, Nanchang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 740644-5; recordedBy: Zhengxiang Ye; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Jiangxi; county: Nanchang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Jiangxi, Nanchang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 870488-1; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1985-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 870488-2; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1985-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 870488-3; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1985-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 870488-4; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1985-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 870488-5; recordedBy: Hanlin Chen; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Songyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Songyang County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1985-11; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816020-1; recordedBy: Dongxiang Xie; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Sandu; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Guizhou, Sandu Shui Autonomous County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1981-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816020-2; recordedBy: Dongxiang Xie; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Sandu; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Guizhou, Sandu Shui Autonomous County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1981-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816020-3; recordedBy: Dongxiang Xie; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Sandu; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Guizhou, Sandu Shui Autonomous County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1981-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 816020-4; recordedBy: Dongxiang Xie; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Sandu; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Guizhou, Sandu Shui Autonomous County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1981-05; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 64032.1-1; recordedBy: Dengdi Jin; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 06/25/1964; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 64032.1-2; recordedBy: Dengdi Jin; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 06/25/1964; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 64032.1-3; recordedBy: Dengdi Jin; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 06/25/1964; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 64032.1-4; recordedBy: Dengdi Jin; individualCount: 3; sex: 2 female, 1 male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 06/25/1964; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 7501231-1; recordedBy: Zhibang Liu; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Luodian; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Guizhou, Luodian County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 7501231-2; recordedBy: Zhibang Liu; individualCount: 2; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Luodian; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Guizhou, Luodian County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 7501231-3; recordedBy: Zhibang Liu; individualCount: 2; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Luodian; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Guizhou, Luodian County, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1974; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5737.5; recordedBy: Fahong Yang; individualCount: 2; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Zhejiang; county: Hangzhou; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Zhejiang, Hangzhou, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1957-07-16/21; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 790539-1; recordedBy: Huifen Wu; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 19; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 790539-2; recordedBy: Huifen Wu; individualCount: 3; sex: 1 female，2 males; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 19; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 790539-3; recordedBy: Huifen Wu; individualCount: 2; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 19; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 790539-4; recordedBy: Huifen Wu; individualCount: 3; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 19; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 790539-5; recordedBy: Huifen Wu; individualCount: 3; sex: 1 female，2 males; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 19; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 790539-6; recordedBy: Huifen Wu; individualCount: 4; sex: 3 females，1 male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 19; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 790539-7; recordedBy: Huifen Wu; individualCount: 2; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 19; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 790539-8; recordedBy: Huifen Wu; individualCount: 3; sex: 2 females，1 male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 19; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

China (Guizhou, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan); Italy, Japan, South Korea, Thailand and the United States (quarantine) (Talamas et al. 2017Sabbatini Peverieri et al. 2018)

Host associations. This species was reared from the eggs of some unidentified species of in China.

Ashmead 1904 (Figs 5, 6).

Figure 6.

Host egg mass of (ZJU 816020-1)

(Nees von Esenbeck) 1834

5082FC75-13D5-56B9-AE2E-9AA522D927B4

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5757.9-1; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Xinjiang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Xinjiang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1956-1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5757.9-2; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Xinjiang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Xinjiang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1956-1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5757.8; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Xinjiang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Xinjiang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1956-1957; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 76086-1; recordedBy: Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xianyang; individualCount: 5; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shaanxi; county: Xianyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: “Shaanxi, Xianyang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1975-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 76086-2; recordedBy: Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xianyang; individualCount: 10; sex: female，egg mass; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shaanxi; county: Xianyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: “Shaanxi, Xianyang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1975-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 76086-3; recordedBy: Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xianyang; individualCount: 5; sex: 4 females，1 male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shaanxi; county: Xianyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: “Shaanxi, Xianyang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1975-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 76086-4; recordedBy: Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xianyang; individualCount: 5; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shaanxi; county: Xianyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: “Shaanxi, Xianyang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1975-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 76086-5; recordedBy: Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xianyang; individualCount: 2; sex: 1 female，1 male; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Shaanxi; county: Xianyang; locationRemarks: label transliteration: “Shaanxi, Xianyang, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 1975-08; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

China (Xinjiang, Shaanxi); Italy, Morocco, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland (Tortorici et al. 2019).

Host associations. This species was reared from the eggs of sp. () and an unidentified species of in China.

Nees von Esenbeck 1834 (Fig. 7).

Ryu 1984

8AF921C4-ECEA-5F48-A6BA-0D9B77203A0F

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5414.8-1; recordedBy: Songyun Mai; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locality: Wangcheng; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, Wangcheng District, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 07/22/1954; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5414.8-2; recordedBy: Songyun Mai; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locality: Wangcheng; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, Wangcheng District, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 07/22/1954; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5414.8-3; recordedBy: Songyun Mai; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locality: Wangcheng; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, Wangcheng District, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 07/22/1954; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: ZJU 5414.8-4; recordedBy: Songyun Mai; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; associatedOccurrences: ; Taxon: scientificName: ; order: ; family: ; genus: ; specificEpithet: ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Hunan; county: Changsha; locality: Wangcheng; locationRemarks: label transliteration: "Hunan, Changsha, Wangcheng District, ex. from eggs of ; Identification: identifiedBy: Elijah J. Talamas, Huayan Chen; dateIdentified: 2019; Event: samplingProtocol: none specified; eventDate: 07/22/1954; Record Level: modified: 04/29/2020; language: en

China (Hunan); India, Laos, South Korea, United Arab Emirates and Vietnam (Talamas et al. 2017).

Host associations. This species was reared from the eggs of (Dallas) () in China.

This species is newly recorded from China.

Ryu and Hirashima 1984 (Fig. 8).

Analysis

Summary of host associations

A total of 123 specimens were examined and seven species are recognized. The hosts recorded on specimen label data are summarized below:

(Thunberg):

sp.:

Stål:

(Dallas): ,

(Poda):

Dallas:

Distant:

Discussion

Specimens housed in museum and university collections are an immense and often irreplaceable source of biological information. This study produced immediately-applicable data that was gleaned from a historic collection simply by identifying specimens and recording label data. It is difficult and, sometimes, impossible to identify host eggs to species, based on morphology alone and several species in our study were reared from eggs identified only as . New methods in molecular diagnostics that can identify trophic interactions from parasitized eggs have been used to overcome this challenge and identify associations between scelionid parasitoids and stink bugs (Gariepy et al. 2018, Lomeli-Flores et al. 2019). Implementation of this approach on specimens in insect collections can further expand the data that can be harvested from these institutional resources.