Izaro Babarro1,2, Ainara Andiarena1,2, Eduardo Fano1,2, Nerea Lertxundi1,2, Martine Vrijheid3,4,5, Jordi Julvez3,4,6, Florencia B Barreto1,2, Serena Fossati4, Jesus Ibarluzea1,2,3,7. 1. Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain. 2. Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain. 3. Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain. 4. ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. 5. Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08002 Barcelona, Spain. 6. Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain. 7. Health Department of Basque Government, Sub-directorate of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, 20013 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain.
Abstract
(1) Background: Bullying affects a large number of children worldwide. This study has two objectives, to provide data on the prevalence of bullying in Spain, and to identify risk and protective factors associated with bullying. (2) Methods: Participants were 858 eleven-year-old children. Bullying was assessed using a short version of the Olweus Bully Victim Questionnaire, and the following data were gathered to explore potential predictors: individual (inattention, behavior problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomatology, traumatic life events), family-related (sociodemographic characteristics, family context, child-parent relations), school-related (school characteristics, peer and social support, school environment) and community-related data. (3) Results: 9.3% of the children were victims, 1.4% bullies and 1.6% bully-victims. Results showed that a higher level of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomatology increased the risk of victimization, whereas having better relationships with parents and stronger social support were associated with a lower risk of victimization. Children having strong peer relationships and social support was also associated with less risk of perpetrating bullying. Finally, having behavior problems at 8 years of age was associated with being a bully-victim. (4) Conclusions: The findings emphasize the importance of studying all bullying predictors together, regarding three of the roles children may take in bullying situations.
(1) Background: Bullying affects a large number of children worldwide. This study has two objectives, to provide data on the prevalence of bullying in Spain, and to identify risk and protective factors associated with bullying. (2) Methods:Participants were 858 eleven-year-old children. Bullying was assessed using a short version of the Olweus Bully Victim Questionnaire, and the following data were gathered to explore potential predictors: individual (inattention, behavior problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomatology, traumatic life events), family-related (sociodemographic characteristics, family context, child-parent relations), school-related (school characteristics, peer and social support, school environment) and community-related data. (3) Results: 9.3% of the children were victims, 1.4% bullies and 1.6% bully-victims. Results showed that a higher level of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomatology increased the risk of victimization, whereas having better relationships with parents and stronger social support were associated with a lower risk of victimization. Children having strong peer relationships and social support was also associated with less risk of perpetrating bullying. Finally, having behavior problems at 8 years of age was associated with being a bully-victim. (4) Conclusions: The findings emphasize the importance of studying all bullying predictors together, regarding three of the roles children may take in bullying situations.
Entities:
Keywords:
bullying; children; community and school factors; family; individual; prevalence; risk
Authors: Sebastian Wachs; Juan Manuel Machimbarrena; Michelle F Wright; Manuel Gámez-Guadix; Soeun Yang; Ruthaychonnee Sittichai; Ritu Singh; Ramakrishna Biswal; Katerina Flora; Vassiliki Daskalou; Evdoxia Maziridou; Jun Sung Hong; Norman Krause Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-05-31 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Md Irteja Islam; Verity Chadwick; Tuguy Esgin; Alexandra Martiniuk Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-04-20 Impact factor: 4.614