Julien Hébert1, Priti Gros1, Sarah Lapointe2, Fatima S Amtashar3, Claude Steriade4, Catherine Maurice2, Richard A Wennberg2, Gregory S Day5, David F Tang-Wai6. 1. University of Toronto, Division of Neurology, Canada. 2. University of Toronto, Division of Neurology, Canada; University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. 3. Washington University School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology, MO, USA. 4. New York University Langone Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, NY, USA. 5. Mayo Clinic Florida, Department of Neurology, Jacksonville, FL, USA. 6. University of Toronto, Division of Neurology, Canada; University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: david.tang-wai@uhn.ca.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers associated with inflammation (i.e., elevated white blood cell count, protein concentration, and CSF-specific oligoclonal bands) in patients with early active autoimmune encephalitis (AE). METHODS: CSF characteristics, including WBC count, protein concentration, and oligoclonal banding, were analyzed in patients diagnosed with AE at two tertiary care centers. RESULTS: Ninety-five patients were included in the study. CSF white blood cell counts and protein levels were within normal limits for 27% (CI95%: 19-37) of patients with AE. When results of oligoclonal banding were added, 14% (CI95%: 6-16) of patients with AE had "normal" CSF. The median CSF white blood cell count was 8 cells/mm3 (range: 0-544) and the median CSF protein concentration was 0.42 g/L (range: 0.15-3.92). CONCLUSIONS: White blood cell counts and protein levels were within normal limits in the CSF of a substantial proportion of patients with early active AE. Inclusion of CSF oligoclonal banding identified a higher proportion of patients with an inflammatory CSF profile, especially when CSF was sampled early in the disease process.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers associated with inflammation (i.e., elevated white blood cell count, protein concentration, and CSF-specific oligoclonal bands) in patients with early active autoimmune encephalitis (AE). METHODS: CSF characteristics, including WBC count, protein concentration, and oligoclonal banding, were analyzed in patients diagnosed with AE at two tertiary care centers. RESULTS: Ninety-five patients were included in the study. CSF white blood cell counts and protein levels were within normal limits for 27% (CI95%: 19-37) of patients with AE. When results of oligoclonal banding were added, 14% (CI95%: 6-16) of patients with AE had "normal" CSF. The median CSF white blood cell count was 8 cells/mm3 (range: 0-544) and the median CSF protein concentration was 0.42 g/L (range: 0.15-3.92). CONCLUSIONS: White blood cell counts and protein levels were within normal limits in the CSF of a substantial proportion of patients with early active AE. Inclusion of CSF oligoclonal banding identified a higher proportion of patients with an inflammatory CSF profile, especially when CSF was sampled early in the disease process.
Authors: Nicolas De Leiris; Berangère Ruel; Jean Vervandier; José Boucraut; Stephan Grimaldi; Tatiana Horowitz; Jean Pelletier; Frederique Fluchere; Jacques-Yves Campion; Elsa Kaphan; Eric Guedj Journal: Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging Date: 2021-08-31 Impact factor: 9.236
Authors: Jonathan D Santoro; Rebecca Partridge; Runi Tanna; Dania Pagarkar; Mellad Khoshnood; Mustafa Rehmani; Ryan M Kammeyer; Grace Y Gombolay; Kristen Fisher; Allison Conravey; Jane El-Dahr; Alison L Christy; Lina Patel; Melanie A Manning; Heather Van Mater; Michael S Rafii; Eileen A Quinn Journal: J Neurodev Disord Date: 2022-06-03 Impact factor: 4.074
Authors: Gregory S Day; Brian A Gordon; Robert C Bucelli; Richard J Perrin; A Sebastian Lopez-Chiriboga; Beau M Ances Journal: J Neuroimmunol Date: 2021-01-07 Impact factor: 3.478
Authors: Tobias Zrzavy; Romana Höftberger; Isabella Wimmer; Thomas Berger; Paulus Rommer; Stefan Macher Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2021-03-22 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Anna E M Bastiaansen; Robin W van Steenhoven; Marienke A A M de Bruijn; Yvette S Crijnen; Agnes van Sonderen; Marleen H van Coevorden-Hameete; Marieke M Nühn; Marcel M Verbeek; Marco W J Schreurs; Peter A E Sillevis Smitt; Juna M de Vries; Frank Jan de Jong; Maarten J Titulaer Journal: Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm Date: 2021-08-02