Alessandro Mantovani1, Elisabetta Rinaldi2, Chiara Zusi2,3, Giorgia Beatrice2, Marco Deganello Saccomani4, Andrea Dalbeni5. 1. Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy. alessandro.mantovani@univr.it. 2. Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy. 3. Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, and Pediatrics, and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Woman's and Child's University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy. 5. Section of General Medicine, Hypertension and Liver Unit, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To assess the overall prevalence of clinical signs, symptoms, and radiological findings in children and/or adolescents with COVID-19. METHODS: We systematically researched in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases observational studies describing COVID-19 in children and/or adolescents until April 11, 2020. Data regarding clinical and radiological features were extracted from eligible studies and meta-analysis was performed using random-effects modeling. RESULTS: We examined 19 eligible studies for a total of 2855 children and/or adolescents with COVID-19. Approximately 47% of subjects had fever (95% confidence interval [CI] 22-72%; I2 = 98.6%), 37% cough (95%CI 15-63%; I2 = 98.6%), 4% diarrhea (95%CI 0-12%; I2 = 92.2%), 2% nasal congestion (95%CI 0-7%; I2 = 87.7%), 1% dyspnea (95%CI 0-7%; I2 = 91.5%) and 0% abdominal pain (95%CI 0-1%; I2 = 76.3%). Subjects presented mild symptoms in 79% (95%CI 65-91%; I2 = 93.5%) of cases, whereas only 4% (95%CI 1-9%; I2 = 76.4%) were critical. Among those with pneumonia on computed tomography, 26.4% (95%CI 13-41%; I2 = 80.8%) presented a unilateral involvement, 16% (95%CI 5-29%, I2 = 81.2%) had bilateral involvement and 9% (95%CI 0-24%; I2 = 88.7%) had interstitial pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: Children and/or adolescents tend to have a mild COVID-19 course with a good prognosis. IMPACT: Compared to adults, children and/or adolescents tend to have a mild COVID-19 course with a good prognosis. This study provides new and consistence information on the clinical and radiological characteristics of COVID-19 in pediatrics. This study may help to fight COVID-19 in pediatric population.
BACKGROUND: To assess the overall prevalence of clinical signs, symptoms, and radiological findings in children and/or adolescents with COVID-19. METHODS: We systematically researched in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases observational studies describing COVID-19 in children and/or adolescents until April 11, 2020. Data regarding clinical and radiological features were extracted from eligible studies and meta-analysis was performed using random-effects modeling. RESULTS: We examined 19 eligible studies for a total of 2855 children and/or adolescents with COVID-19. Approximately 47% of subjects had fever (95% confidence interval [CI] 22-72%; I2 = 98.6%), 37% cough (95%CI 15-63%; I2 = 98.6%), 4% diarrhea (95%CI 0-12%; I2 = 92.2%), 2% nasal congestion (95%CI 0-7%; I2 = 87.7%), 1% dyspnea (95%CI 0-7%; I2 = 91.5%) and 0% abdominal pain (95%CI 0-1%; I2 = 76.3%). Subjects presented mild symptoms in 79% (95%CI 65-91%; I2 = 93.5%) of cases, whereas only 4% (95%CI 1-9%; I2 = 76.4%) were critical. Among those with pneumonia on computed tomography, 26.4% (95%CI 13-41%; I2 = 80.8%) presented a unilateral involvement, 16% (95%CI 5-29%, I2 = 81.2%) had bilateral involvement and 9% (95%CI 0-24%; I2 = 88.7%) had interstitial pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: Children and/or adolescents tend to have a mild COVID-19 course with a good prognosis. IMPACT: Compared to adults, children and/or adolescents tend to have a mild COVID-19 course with a good prognosis. This study provides new and consistence information on the clinical and radiological characteristics of COVID-19 in pediatrics. This study may help to fight COVID-19 in pediatric population.
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