James Luccarelli1,2, Claudia Fernandez-Robles3, Carlos Fernandez-Robles4, Ryan J Horvath5, Sheri Berg5, Thomas H McCoy4, Stephen J Seiner6, Michael E Henry4. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, j.luccarelli@gmail.com. 2. Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA, j.luccarelli@gmail.com. 3. Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 5. Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 6. Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a critical procedure in psychiatric treatment, but as typically delivered involves the use of bag-mask ventilation (BMV), which during the COVID-19 pandemic exposes patients and treatment staff to potentially infectious aerosols. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the utility of a modified anesthesia protocol for ECT utilizing preoxygenation by facemask and withholding the use of BMV for only those patients who desaturate during the apneic period. METHODS: This chart review study analyzes patients who were treated with ECT using both the traditional and modified anesthesia protocols. RESULTS: A total of 106 patients were analyzed, of whom 51 (48.1%) required BMV using the new protocol. Of clinical factors, only patient BMI was significantly associated with the requirement for BMV. Mean seizure duration reduced from 52.0 ± 22.4 to 46.6 ± 17.1 s, but seizure duration was adequate in all cases. No acute physical, respiratory, or psychiatric complications occurred during treatment. CONCLUSIONS: A modified anesthesia protocol reduces the use of BMV by more than 50%, while retaining adequate seizure duration.
INTRODUCTION: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a critical procedure in psychiatric treatment, but as typically delivered involves the use of bag-mask ventilation (BMV), which during the COVID-19 pandemic exposes patients and treatment staff to potentially infectious aerosols. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the utility of a modified anesthesia protocol for ECT utilizing preoxygenation by facemask and withholding the use of BMV for only those patients who desaturate during the apneic period. METHODS: This chart review study analyzes patients who were treated with ECT using both the traditional and modified anesthesia protocols. RESULTS: A total of 106 patients were analyzed, of whom 51 (48.1%) required BMV using the new protocol. Of clinical factors, only patient BMI was significantly associated with the requirement for BMV. Mean seizure duration reduced from 52.0 ± 22.4 to 46.6 ± 17.1 s, but seizure duration was adequate in all cases. No acute physical, respiratory, or psychiatric complications occurred during treatment. CONCLUSIONS: A modified anesthesia protocol reduces the use of BMV by more than 50%, while retaining adequate seizure duration.
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