Edward L Giovannucci1,2,3, Xuehong Zhang4,5, Xiao Luo1,6, Jing Sui2,7, Brenda M Birmann2, Kerry L Ivey1,8,9, Fred K Tabung1,10,11, You Wu1, Wanshui Yang12, Kana Wu1, Shuji Ogino13,3,14, Hongbo Liu6. 1. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. 2. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 3. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. 4. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. xuehong.zhang@channing.harvard.edu. 5. Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Room 453, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. xuehong.zhang@channing.harvard.edu. 6. Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. 7. Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. 8. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia. 9. South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Infection and Immunity Theme, Adelaide, Australia. 10. Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA. 11. The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Institute, Columbus, OH, USA. 12. School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China. 13. Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 14. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Although evidence suggests an inverse association between yogurt consumption and the risk of disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and certain cancers, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to examine the association between yogurt consumption and concentrations of plasma soluble CD14, a marker of gut barrier dysfunction. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 632 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1989-1990) and 444 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1993-1994) with soluble CD14 concentrations. We estimated yogurt consumption from food frequency questionnaires. We used multivariable-adjusted linear regression models to estimate the percentage difference (95% CI) of soluble CD14 concentrations by yogurt consumption. RESULTS: Among men, higher consumption was associated with a lower soluble CD14 concentration (at least 2 cups/week vs. non-consumers; unadjusted % difference: - 7.6%; 95% CI - 13.0%, - 2.1%; Ptrend = 0.003). The inverse association was slightly attenuated following multivariable adjustment (% difference: - 5.8%; 95% CI - 11.0%, - 0.1%; Ptrend = 0.01). For the same comparison, yogurt consumption was inverse, but not statistically significant associated with soluble CD14 concentration in women (% difference: - 1.2%; 95% CI - 5.6%, 3.5%; Ptrend = 0.64). In stratified analyses, the inverse association between yogurt consumption and the concentrations of soluble CD14 was slightly stronger in men who consumed alcohol at least 20 g/day. CONCLUSIONS: Higher yogurt consumption was associated with lower soluble CD14 concentrations, especially in men. Our findings suggest the strengthening of gut barrier function as a plausible mechanism for the observed inverse associations of yogurt consumption with gastrointestinal diseases and disorders involving other systems.
PURPOSE: Although evidence suggests an inverse association between yogurt consumption and the risk of disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and certain cancers, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to examine the association between yogurt consumption and concentrations of plasma soluble CD14, a marker of gut barrier dysfunction. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 632 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1989-1990) and 444 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1993-1994) with soluble CD14 concentrations. We estimated yogurt consumption from food frequency questionnaires. We used multivariable-adjusted linear regression models to estimate the percentage difference (95% CI) of soluble CD14 concentrations by yogurt consumption. RESULTS: Among men, higher consumption was associated with a lower soluble CD14 concentration (at least 2 cups/week vs. non-consumers; unadjusted % difference: - 7.6%; 95% CI - 13.0%, - 2.1%; Ptrend = 0.003). The inverse association was slightly attenuated following multivariable adjustment (% difference: - 5.8%; 95% CI - 11.0%, - 0.1%; Ptrend = 0.01). For the same comparison, yogurt consumption was inverse, but not statistically significant associated with soluble CD14 concentration in women (% difference: - 1.2%; 95% CI - 5.6%, 3.5%; Ptrend = 0.64). In stratified analyses, the inverse association between yogurt consumption and the concentrations of soluble CD14 was slightly stronger in men who consumed alcohol at least 20 g/day. CONCLUSIONS: Higher yogurt consumption was associated with lower soluble CD14 concentrations, especially in men. Our findings suggest the strengthening of gut barrier function as a plausible mechanism for the observed inverse associations of yogurt consumption with gastrointestinal diseases and disorders involving other systems.
Entities:
Keywords:
Bacterial translocation; Gut barrier function; Soluble CD14; Yogurt consumption
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