Wendy J Bottinor1, Jonathan H Soslow2, Justin Godown2, Marcus F Stoddard3, Evan C Osmundson4, Carrie G Lenneman5, Debra L Friedman6, Scott C Borinstein6. 1. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. Electronic address: wendy.bottinor@vumc.org. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. 3. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. 4. Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. 5. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. 6. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
Abstract
IMPORTANCE: With 80% of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) alive 30 years after diagnosis, preventable causes of death, such as cardiovascular disease resulting from initial cancer therapy, becomes an important metric. This leads to a more pronounced role for cardiologists in the care of CCS. OBSERVATIONS: While routine cardiovascular screening has been traditionally performed by the hematologist/oncologist or primary care provider, our understanding of cardiovascular disease in CCS has advanced. The measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) can now be complemented with additional assessments of strain, LV mass, right ventricular function, diastolic function, valve function, the pericardium, coronary perfusion, and biomarkers. Risk factor modification, prophylaxis, and timing of treatment are also critical. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Early cardiovascular screening and treatment in asymptomatic CCS can be nuanced and complex. As a result, there is a renewed opportunity for the cardiologist to play an integral role in the care of CCS. KEY POINTS: Question/Purpose: Review cardiovascular disease and the role of the cardiologist in the care of asymptomatic childhood cancer survivors (CCS). FINDINGS: Cardiovascular care in CCS benefits from a multi-faceted approach that does not overly rely on LVEF. Meaning: Adequate screening and treatment of cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic CCS may often be optimized by the involvement of a cardiologist.
IMPORTANCE: With 80% of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) alive 30 years after diagnosis, preventable causes of death, such as cardiovascular disease resulting from initial cancer therapy, becomes an important metric. This leads to a more pronounced role for cardiologists in the care of CCS. OBSERVATIONS: While routine cardiovascular screening has been traditionally performed by the hematologist/oncologist or primary care provider, our understanding of cardiovascular disease in CCS has advanced. The measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) can now be complemented with additional assessments of strain, LV mass, right ventricular function, diastolic function, valve function, the pericardium, coronary perfusion, and biomarkers. Risk factor modification, prophylaxis, and timing of treatment are also critical. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Early cardiovascular screening and treatment in asymptomatic CCS can be nuanced and complex. As a result, there is a renewed opportunity for the cardiologist to play an integral role in the care of CCS. KEY POINTS: Question/Purpose: Review cardiovascular disease and the role of the cardiologist in the care of asymptomatic childhood cancer survivors (CCS). FINDINGS: Cardiovascular care in CCS benefits from a multi-faceted approach that does not overly rely on LVEF. Meaning: Adequate screening and treatment of cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic CCS may often be optimized by the involvement of a cardiologist.
Authors: Rosaria Sofia; Veronica Melita; Antonio De Vita; Antonio Ruggiero; Alberto Romano; Giorgio Attinà; Lisa Birritella; Priscilla Lamendola; Antonella Lombardo; Gaetano Antonio Lanza; Angelica Bibiana Delogu Journal: Front Oncol Date: 2021-05-14 Impact factor: 6.244