Piotr Wieniawski1, Bozena Werner2. 1. Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw. 2. Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw. bozena.werner@wum.edu.pl.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Creation of a hypertension risk stratification model and development of an algorithm to detect hypertension in teenagers. METHODS: The study group consisted of 690 middle and high school students, aged 15-17 years, from the metropolitan area of Warsaw, Poland. Information concerning family history and presence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease was gathered. Three-time blood pressure measurements were taken during at least two separate visits, which were at least a week apart, using the auscultatory method, according to standard procedures. Anthropometric measurements included: body weight, height, arm, hip and abdominal circumference, skin-fold thickness measured on the rear surface of an arm, below the inferior angle of the scapula and at the belly. Following indexes were determined: body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), hip to height ratio. RESULTS: A logistic regression model, describing the risk of hypertension in adolescents aged 15-17 was invented. π ̂(x)=e^(g ̂(x))/(1+e^(g ̂(x)) ) where: g ̂(x) = -0.097 × height + 0.085 × weight + 7.764 × WHR + 1.312 × hypertens_1(=yes). Hypertens_1 means presence of hypertension among members of the closest family.The formula was created, allowing the pre-selection of adolescents at risk of hypertension during screening. Next an algorithm for the detection of hypertension for practical use was proposed. CONCLUSIONS: Body weight, WHR and incidence of hypertension in the family are the strongest predictors of hypertension in teenagers. Proposed screening algorithm can be a useful tool for selecting teenagers at risk of hypertension and in need of specialized diagnostics and care.
BACKGROUND: Creation of a hypertension risk stratification model and development of an algorithm to detect hypertension in teenagers. METHODS: The study group consisted of 690 middle and high school students, aged 15-17 years, from the metropolitan area of Warsaw, Poland. Information concerning family history and presence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease was gathered. Three-time blood pressure measurements were taken during at least two separate visits, which were at least a week apart, using the auscultatory method, according to standard procedures. Anthropometric measurements included: body weight, height, arm, hip and abdominal circumference, skin-fold thickness measured on the rear surface of an arm, below the inferior angle of the scapula and at the belly. Following indexes were determined: body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), hip to height ratio. RESULTS: A logistic regression model, describing the risk of hypertension in adolescents aged 15-17 was invented. π ̂(x)=e^(g ̂(x))/(1+e^(g ̂(x)) ) where: g ̂(x) = -0.097 × height + 0.085 × weight + 7.764 × WHR + 1.312 × hypertens_1(=yes). Hypertens_1 means presence of hypertension among members of the closest family.The formula was created, allowing the pre-selection of adolescents at risk of hypertension during screening. Next an algorithm for the detection of hypertension for practical use was proposed. CONCLUSIONS: Body weight, WHR and incidence of hypertension in the family are the strongest predictors of hypertension in teenagers. Proposed screening algorithm can be a useful tool for selecting teenagers at risk of hypertension and in need of specialized diagnostics and care.
Entities:
Keywords:
hypertension in children; hypertension in teenagers; hypertension risk stratification; prediction of hypertension; primary hypertension