Ivan Sisa1,2, Enrique Abeyá-Gilardon3, Regina M Fisberg4, Maria D Jackson5, Guadalupe L Mangialavori6,7, Rosely Sichieri8, Frederick Cudhea9, Raveendhara R Bannuru10, Robin Ruthazer11,12, Dariush Mozaffarian9, Gitanjali M Singh9. 1. Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador. 2. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA. 3. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación (National Health Ministry), Buenos Aires, Argentina. 4. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 5. Department of Community Health & Psychiatry, University of the West Indies (Mona), Kingston, Jamaica. 6. National Department on Maternal, Infant and Adolescent Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 7. National University of La Matanza, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 8. Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 9. Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Boston, MA02111, USA. 10. Center for Treatment Comparison and Integrative Analysis, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. 11. The Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. 12. Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To quantify diet-related burdens of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) by country, age and sex in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). DESIGN: Intakes of eleven key dietary factors were obtained from the Global Dietary Database Consortium. Aetiologic effects of dietary factors on CMD outcomes were obtained from meta-analyses. We combined these inputs with cause-specific mortality data to compute country-, age- and sex-specific absolute and proportional CMD mortality of eleven dietary factors in 1990 and 2010. SETTING: Thirty-two countries in LAC. PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged 25 years and older. RESULTS: In 2010, an estimated 513 371 (95 % uncertainty interval (UI) 423 286-547 841; 53·8 %) cardiometabolic deaths were related to suboptimal diet. Largest diet-related CMD burdens were related to low intake of nuts/seeds (109 831 deaths (95 % UI 71 920-121 079); 11·5 %), low fruit intake (106 285 deaths (95 % UI 94 904-112 320); 11·1 %) and high processed meat consumption (89 381 deaths (95 % UI 82 984-97 196); 9·4 %). Among countries, highest CMD burdens (deaths per million adults) attributable to diet were in Trinidad and Tobago (1779) and Guyana (1700) and the lowest were in Peru (492) and The Bahamas (504). Between 1990 and 2010, greatest decline (35 %) in diet-attributable CMD mortality was related to greater consumption of fruit, while greatest increase (7·2 %) was related to increased intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSIONS: Suboptimal intakes of commonly consumed foods were associated with substantial CMD mortality in LAC with significant heterogeneity across countries. Improved access to healthful foods, such as nuts and fruits, and limits in availability of unhealthful factors, such as processed foods, would reduce diet-related burdens of CMD in LAC.
OBJECTIVE: To quantify diet-related burdens of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) by country, age and sex in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). DESIGN: Intakes of eleven key dietary factors were obtained from the Global Dietary Database Consortium. Aetiologic effects of dietary factors on CMD outcomes were obtained from meta-analyses. We combined these inputs with cause-specific mortality data to compute country-, age- and sex-specific absolute and proportional CMDmortality of eleven dietary factors in 1990 and 2010. SETTING: Thirty-two countries in LAC. PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged 25 years and older. RESULTS: In 2010, an estimated 513 371 (95 % uncertainty interval (UI) 423 286-547 841; 53·8 %) cardiometabolic deaths were related to suboptimal diet. Largest diet-related CMD burdens were related to low intake of nuts/seeds (109 831 deaths (95 % UI 71 920-121 079); 11·5 %), low fruit intake (106 285 deaths (95 % UI 94 904-112 320); 11·1 %) and high processed meat consumption (89 381 deaths (95 % UI 82 984-97 196); 9·4 %). Among countries, highest CMD burdens (deaths per million adults) attributable to diet were in Trinidad and Tobago (1779) and Guyana (1700) and the lowest were in Peru (492) and The Bahamas (504). Between 1990 and 2010, greatest decline (35 %) in diet-attributable CMDmortality was related to greater consumption of fruit, while greatest increase (7·2 %) was related to increased intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSIONS: Suboptimal intakes of commonly consumed foods were associated with substantial CMDmortality in LAC with significant heterogeneity across countries. Improved access to healthful foods, such as nuts and fruits, and limits in availability of unhealthful factors, such as processed foods, would reduce diet-related burdens of CMD in LAC.
Entities:
Keywords:
CVD; Cardiometabolic disease; Diabetes; Diet; Latin America and the Caribbean