Yan Zhao1, Jing Cai2, Xinlei Zhu2, Aaron van Donkelaar3, Randall V Martin3, Jing Hua4, Haidong Kan5. 1. Department of Women & Children's Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. 2. School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 3. Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States. 4. Department of Women & Children's Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: jinghua@tongji.edu.cn. 5. School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: kanh@fudan.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the most serious environmental threat worldwide. The nephrotoxicity of PM2.5 has been demonstrated in older adults, but no study has addressed the impacts of PM2.5 exposure on renal function in pregnant women, who are recognized to be vulnerable and susceptible to PM2.5 exposure. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether exposures to PM2.5 total mass and its chemical constituents were associated with reduced renal function among pregnant women in China. METHODS: We measured serum concentrations of urea nitrogen (UN), uric acid (UA) and creatinine for 10,052 pregnant women in Shanghai, China. Exposures to PM2.5 total mass and its 5 key chemical constituents during the whole pregnancy and each trimester of pregnancy was represented by satellite-based models. RESULTS: Exposures to PM2.5 total mass and its chemical constituents of organic matter (OM), black carbon (BC), nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) were positively associated with serum levels of UN and UA, and negatively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). An interquartile rang (IQR) increase in PM2.5 total mass, OM, BC, NO3- and NH4+ exposure in third trimester was associated with 1.33 (β = -1.33, 95% CI, -1.79, -0.87), 1.67 (β = -1.67, 95% CI, -2.26, -1.07), 1.29 (β = -1.29, 95% CI,-1.89, -0.70), 1.16 (β = -1.16, 95% CI,-1.66, -0.65) and 0.76 (β = -0.76, 95% CI, -1.08, -0.44) mL/min/1.73 m2 decrease in eGFR, respectively. CONCLUSION: We concluded that exposures to PM2.5 during pregnancy were associated with decreased renal function among pregnant women.
BACKGROUND: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the most serious environmental threat worldwide. The nephrotoxicity of PM2.5 has been demonstrated in older adults, but no study has addressed the impacts of PM2.5 exposure on renal function in pregnant women, who are recognized to be vulnerable and susceptible to PM2.5 exposure. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether exposures to PM2.5 total mass and its chemical constituents were associated with reduced renal function among pregnant women in China. METHODS: We measured serum concentrations of ureanitrogen (UN), uric acid (UA) and creatinine for 10,052 pregnant women in Shanghai, China. Exposures to PM2.5 total mass and its 5 key chemical constituents during the whole pregnancy and each trimester of pregnancy was represented by satellite-based models. RESULTS: Exposures to PM2.5 total mass and its chemical constituents of organic matter (OM), black carbon (BC), nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) were positively associated with serum levels of UN and UA, and negatively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). An interquartile rang (IQR) increase in PM2.5 total mass, OM, BC, NO3- and NH4+ exposure in third trimester was associated with 1.33 (β = -1.33, 95% CI, -1.79, -0.87), 1.67 (β = -1.67, 95% CI, -2.26, -1.07), 1.29 (β = -1.29, 95% CI,-1.89, -0.70), 1.16 (β = -1.16, 95% CI,-1.66, -0.65) and 0.76 (β = -0.76, 95% CI, -1.08, -0.44) mL/min/1.73 m2 decrease in eGFR, respectively. CONCLUSION: We concluded that exposures to PM2.5 during pregnancy were associated with decreased renal function among pregnant women.
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