Luca Filipas1, Kristy Martin2, Joseph M Northey2, Antonio La Torre3, Richard Keegan2, Ben Rattray2. 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: luca.filipas@unimi.it. 2. Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia; Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia. 3. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether 4 weeks of endurance training could improve tolerance to mental exertion in untrained participants. DESIGN: Longitudinal training study. METHODS:Twenty untrained young adults (14 F, 6 M; 27.6±6.2 years) completed a 4-week training protocol in a randomised and counterbalanced order. Baseline and follow-up assessment were conducted over three sessions in the week preceding and following the training period. During session 1, participants completed an incremental maximal ramp test. During sessions 2 and 3 participants completed a 15min cycling time trial preceded by either a mental exertion or control conditions. Following baseline assessments, participants were randomised into a physical training or placebo group that completed the training intervention thrice weekly over four weeks. RESULTS: The physical training resulted in increase in VO2 peak relative to the placebo group (p=0.003). Linear Mixed Models utilising the control condition time trial performance as a covariate found the physical training group increased their time trial distance following the mental exertion condition to a greater extent than the placebo group (p=0.03). RPE during the time trial and perceptual measures of mental exertion did not significantly change between groups (all p>0.10) although interaction effects were observed when considering the RPE-power output relationship during the time trial. CONCLUSIONS: Four weeks of endurance training increased tolerance to mental exertion in untrained participants during a subsequent physical performance, but not during prolonged cognitive performance. This finding suggests that the ability to tolerate mental exertion is trainable in at least some contexts and highlights the far-reaching benefits of endurance training.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether 4 weeks of endurance training could improve tolerance to mental exertion in untrained participants. DESIGN: Longitudinal training study. METHODS: Twenty untrained young adults (14 F, 6 M; 27.6±6.2 years) completed a 4-week training protocol in a randomised and counterbalanced order. Baseline and follow-up assessment were conducted over three sessions in the week preceding and following the training period. During session 1, participants completed an incremental maximal ramp test. During sessions 2 and 3 participants completed a 15min cycling time trial preceded by either a mental exertion or control conditions. Following baseline assessments, participants were randomised into a physical training or placebo group that completed the training intervention thrice weekly over four weeks. RESULTS: The physical training resulted in increase in VO2 peak relative to the placebo group (p=0.003). Linear Mixed Models utilising the control condition time trial performance as a covariate found the physical training group increased their time trial distance following the mental exertion condition to a greater extent than the placebo group (p=0.03). RPE during the time trial and perceptual measures of mental exertion did not significantly change between groups (all p>0.10) although interaction effects were observed when considering the RPE-power output relationship during the time trial. CONCLUSIONS: Four weeks of endurance training increased tolerance to mental exertion in untrained participants during a subsequent physical performance, but not during prolonged cognitive performance. This finding suggests that the ability to tolerate mental exertion is trainable in at least some contexts and highlights the far-reaching benefits of endurance training.
Authors: Matthias Proost; Jelle Habay; Jonas De Wachter; Kevin De Pauw; Ben Rattray; Romain Meeusen; Bart Roelands; Jeroen Van Cutsem Journal: Sports Med Date: 2022-05-11 Impact factor: 11.928
Authors: Andrea Demeco; Alessandro de Sire; Nicola Marotta; Riccardo Spanò; Lorenzo Lippi; Arrigo Palumbo; Teresa Iona; Vera Gramigna; Stefano Palermi; Massimiliano Leigheb; Marco Invernizzi; Antonio Ammendolia Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-03-31 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Jelle Habay; Matthias Proost; Jonas De Wachter; Jesús Díaz-García; Kevin De Pauw; Romain Meeusen; Jeroen Van Cutsem; Bart Roelands Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-12-07 Impact factor: 3.390