Karen Sliwa1, Johann Bauersachs2, Andrew J S Coats3. 1. Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 2. Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. 3. IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.